DENTAL ASSISTANT ONLINE EXAM PRACTICE KIT 3
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Where should cotton rolls be placed during topical fluoride application?
Between the arches The cotton rolls should be placed between the arches. Patients should be instructed to bite up and down on the rolls to squeeze excess fluoride out.
Retractors are used to do which of the following?
Ensure an unobstructed view of the treatment site by deflecting tissue Retractors help to keep the field of vision clear by deflecting tissue. One of the major roles of the hygienist is retracting tissue for the operator.
Primary impressions are often used for prosthetic work. For more accurate impressions, such as for crowns or bridges, secondary impressions are required. Which material is best suited for secondary impressions?
Elastomers Hydrocolloids include alginate and agar. These substances are fine for primary impressions. However, elastomers work better for secondary impressions.
A patient requires a crown. This requires a root canal first. What instruction would you give before the second visit?
A temporary crown is placed on the first visit. Pulling up on the floss can remove the crown. Patients should also avoid chewing on the tooth.
Surgical curettes are used for which of the following?
Debridement of the tooth socket Surgical curettes are used to debride the tooth socket or diseased tissue. They may also be used for curettage.
You are preparing an instrument tray for an amalgam procedure. Which of the following is NOT part of the instruments and materials needed?
Surgical knife Surgical knives are used with composite fillings, but not with amalgam restorations. You will need burs, a pair of excavators, a mixing pad, base material, and amalgam carrier for an amalgam restoration. Prepared matrix and wooden wedges are also standard, along with paper points.
Which of the following would you use to isolate teeth during short dental procedures?
Cotton rolls Cotton rolls may be used to isolate a tooth or teeth for treatment during very short procedures. Rubber dams should be used for longer procedures or for any endodontic treatment.
Cement supplies can now be purchased in capsules. Advantages of pre-portioned cement powder and liquid includes all of the following EXCEPT for they:
Have unreliable setting times Pre-portioned cement materials are convenient and help reduce waste. They also ensure consistent powder/liquid ratios and the strength of the resultant lining. They also have PREDICTABLE setting times, which makes it easier for dental personnel to work with these materials.
After 1, the Universal Numbering System continues in which direction through the oral cavity?
The Universal Numbering System assigns a unique number to each tooth, making for easier charting. The right maxillary third molar is designated 1, and the count continues to the patient’s left.
Articulating paper comes in all but which of the following colors?
Purple Articulating paper is used to mark a patient’s occlusion. It comes in red, blue, green, and black.
Which of the following is NOT located on the assistant’s cart?
Dental handpieces The assistant’s cart contains the saliva ejector, the high volume evacuator, and the air water syringe. Dental handpieces are located on the operator’s cart.
You have just placed cotton padding in the mouth of an oral surgery patient after an extraction. How long should you tell the patient to keep the cotton in place?
Patients should be instructed to leave the dressing in place for 30 minutes to encourage blood clot formation. Removing the cotton too early can dislodge the clot and lead to increased bleeding,
Staff meetings, holidays, dentist and staff vacations, and starting and closing times are all components of:
The appointment book The appointment book consists of components such as starting and closing times, lunch hours, staff meetings, vacations, and holidays. It is the framework upon which appointments are scheduled.
What occurs first when a tooth is erupting?
Root formation All of the answers are stages that occur when a tooth erupts. The root forms before there is movement. This leads to penetrations and occlusal contact.
When a patient is experiencing an angina attack, the healthcare worker should administer:
Nitroglycerin Nitroglycerin is administered sublingually (under the tongue) when a patient is suffering from an angina attack. Nitroglycerin is available in pill or spray and can be found in most dental kits.
Which of the following is a benefit of fluoride toothpaste use?
It provides daily fluoride, which has a cumulative effect While it is lower in concentration than professional products, fluoride toothpaste has the benefit of being convenient and easy to use. It also provides daily fluoride, which builds up over time and helps to strengthen teeth.
Absorbent paper points are used for all but which of the following?
Absorbent paper points are used to dry canals after root canal. They are also used to take cultures of the canal or deliver medication. A patient’s occlusion is measured with articulating paper. They are not used to measure occlusion.
Which of the following would you expect to see of a patient in the subsupine position?
Most four-handed dentistry is done in the supine position, with head and legs level. Some procedures may call for the subsupine position, where the patient’s head will be slightly lower than the legs. There should be no bending at the waist.
Which of the following should you use to scale the majority of the surface of a tooth when removing calculus?
The oblique stroke occurs at a 45 degree angle to the tooth. It is appropriate for scaling the majority of tooth surfaces
Which of the following instruments would you choose to plane the enamel on a Class III cavity preparation?
A Wedelstaedt chisel is a slightly curved shanked instrument with a bevel on one side of the cutting edge. It is used to plane enamel and dentin walls in Class III and IV cavity preparations. It may also be used to shape enamel and dentin walls.
Which of the following should be placed furthest to the LEFT on an anesthetic tray set up?
Instruments on the anesthetic tray should be placed in the order that they will be used, The aspirating syringe should be leftmost on the tray, as it will be assembled first.
Duties that can be performed by a dental assistant are determined by:
State law determines the duties of dental assistants. These regulations are found in the State Dental Practice Act.
An I.V. infusion set should be included in:
An I.V. infusion set should be included in the emergency kit. If required, it can be used to treat a fluid imbalance.
During a procedure, your patient tells you that she feels very panicked. Her heart has begun beating very fast, and she is short of breath. This patient is likely experiencing which of the following?
Hyperventilation Your patient is showing signs of hyperventilation. This can happen to patients who have dental fear or anxiety. It is important to reassure the patient and help her return to normal breathing.
Incisors are often marked by a V-shaped eminence near the gum. This is known as which of the following?
The V-shaped eminence found on many incisors is known as the cingulum. It may also be called the basal ridge.
Which of the following materials would you choose to make dies of teeth?
Die stone is the densest gypsum product used in dentistry. It is used to make dies of teeth.
Which of the following instruments would you choose to remove deposits from the root of a tooth?
The periodontal curette is used to remove deposits from around the root of a tooth. It may be used on supra- and subgingival deposits.
Which of the following is the SMALLEST size of tapered fissure cross-cut bur?
Tapered fissure cross-cut burs are used to form the divergent walls of cavity preparations. They are also used to place retention grooves in preparations. These instruments come in a variety of sizes, with 699 being the smallest and 703 being the largest.
What does xerostomia increase?
Xerostomia is dry mouth or a lack of saliva. Dry mouth increases tooth decay because the bacteria growth becomes dangerous and imbalanced. Eruption and occlusion are not affected.
What is necessary if a patient hemorrhages
In cases of hemorrhage, hold pressure on the wound. The pressure point should be elevated, not dropped. Hold the pressure until the medical help arrives.
What is the MOST commonly used impression material?
The MOST common impression material used is alginate. It comes as power, which is mixed with water, to produce a gelatinous viscous substance. Alginate hardens rapidly. It is an irreversible hydrocolloid, so once the impression has set the material can not be dissolved and re-mixed.
Which of the following instruments would you choose to reduce the incisal edge of a tooth during crown preparation?
Diamond burs are effective at rapidly reducing tooth material. If the incisal edge of a tooth needs to be reduced for crown preparation, the diamond bur wheel should be chosen. The diamond bur wheel can also be sued to reduce the lingual aspect of anterior teeth during crown preparation.
Which of the following instruments would you use to pass dental materials during cavity restoration?
The Woodson carver is used to pass dental materials during cavity preparation. It may also be used to place temporary restorative materials into a cavity preparation
Permanent filling materials include all of the following EXCEPT for
Permanent filling materials include dental amalgam, glass ionomer cement, and composite resins. Permanent filling materials are also called permanent direct restorative materials. Porcelain is used for indirect restoration such as crowns and bridges.
Which of the following is NOT true of normal adult molars?
Molars have convex lingual and buccal surfaces. They are also topped with cusps or tubercles, for which reason they are sometimes called multicuspids.
Which of the following instruments would you choose to contour the alveolar bone?
The surgical bur is used to contour the alveolar bone and tooth structure. It is used with the low speed dental handpiece.
Protect health information would include all of the following EXCEPT for:
Protected health information is any information that can be used to identify a specific patient . It is held as a confidential record and includes information such as the patient’s name and telephone number. The provider’s name is not protected information.
A binangle chisel would be an appropriate choice to use on the restoration of which of the following classes of cavity?
The binangle chisel is a double-ended instrument with two angles in the shank. It is used to shape and plane enamel and dentin walls in class II cavity preparations. It is used with a pushing action.
A normal human mouth contains how many canine teeth?
In both deciduous and permanent teeth, humans have four canine teeth — two in each jaw. The canines are stronger than the incisors and tend to be quite prominent compared to other teeth.
Mercury in dental amalgam has been a topic of controversy and a safety concern for many years. The problem with mercury is it is a:
Mercury is a neurotoxin. It accumulates in the brain, liver, kidneys, spleen, muscles, and glands. It is highly fat-soluble and is absorbed through skin and lungs.
The dental lathe may be used for all but which of the following?
The dental lathe should be used to polish only removable appliances. It is not to be used intra-orally.
Why would atropine be administered?
Atropine is a vagal blocker. These are used to increase the pulse rate. They are typically included in an emergency kit.
What is the risk of using general anesthesia on a patient with a respiratory disorder?
General anesthesia decreases respiration. This can lead to hypoxia when a patient has a respiratory condition
When instructing a patient how to use a rolling toothbrush stroke, how many times should you tell him or her to roll the brush?
The rolling stroke involves placing the bristles of the brush against the attached gingiva, at a 45 degree angle to tooth. The bristles are then slowly dragged across the surface of the tooth, with a rolling motion of the hand and wrist. The brush should be rolled at least five times in each area of the mouth brushed.
A material and safety data sheet accompanies the purchase of:
Orange solvent, X-ray film, and glutaraldehyde are all accompanied by a material and safety data sheet. Any supply that contains hazardous material must come with a material and safety data sheet.
How many molars would you expect to find in a normal human mouth?
The molars are the largest teeth in a set of permanent teeth. A normal human mouth has 12 molars.
You are preparing an instrument tray for an amalgam procedure. Which of the following is NOT part of the instruments and materials needed
You are preparing an instrument tray for an amalgam procedure. Which of the following is NOT part of the instruments and materials needed
A nervous patient hyperventilates and is unable to hold his or her breath. What should be done?
Patients should sit up and try to hold their breath a few seconds if they begin to hyperventilate. If a patient is unable to do this, have the patient breathe into a paper bag. This will restore carbon dioxide balance.
Which of the following is a sign that a patient may be receiving too high a dose of nitrous oxide?
In spite of the nickname ‘laughing gas,” uncontrolled giggling is a sign of too much nitrous oxide. At a proper therapeutic dose, patients may feel a sense of disconnectedness, a tingling in the hands and feet, and a sense of floating.
Which of the following instruments would you choose for rapid reduction of a tooth when a parallel wall and flat floor are needed for a crown preparation?
The diamond bur flat-end cylinder is used to rapidly reduce a tooth when a parallel wall and flat floor are needed for a crown preparation. Like all other diamond burs, it comes in a variety of grits and sizes.
What is the purpose of a personal monitoring device for radiation employees?
A personal monitoring device is worn by employees that are occupied in an environment where radiation is present. The device is meant to track the presence of radiation and calculate the possible total amount of radiation the employee has been exposed to.
An item that should never be worn when processing film is:
Contaminated gloves should never be worn when processing X-ray film. Other items that may be worn if spatter is expected are masks and protective eyewear.
How should rollers be cleaned?
Water and detergent can clean rollers. Make sure the detergent is mild. Another option is clean-up film
Cheryl is mounting a radiograph of the maxillary posterior area. What landmarks will prove most useful during this process?
The floor of the maxillary sinus is formed by the alveolar process of the maxilla, and is on a level with the floor of the nose. In the posterior area of the maxilla, the floor is highly visible and proves to be a helpful landmark.
This x-ray displays (a) ______.
A tooth cavity is a hole in the tooth due to decay. They show up on x-rays as a black area on the tooth.
A radiograph with high resolution is
A radiograph with high resolution is sharp. The quality of detail on a radiograph is determined by its resolution. High resolution radiographs are sharp and crisp. Alternatively, radiographs with low resolution are fuzzy.
In an automatic processor, the replenisher switch should be activated after processing:
After processing 90 periapical films, the replenisher switch on an automatic processor should be activated. It should also be activated after the processing of 5 panoramic films.
| Drying processed films too rapidly can cause: |
Drying processed films too rapidly can cause:
Drying the processed radiograph too rapidly can cause the film to crack. Radiographs should be allowed to air dry.
What angle should the film be to the x-ray beam
Film should be at a right angle to the x-ray beam. This is a 90 degree angle.
The time between an x-ray exposure to the time there is noticeable damage is known as
The latent period is the amount of time it takes for radiation exposures to show damage from the prior exposure. It can take years for exposure damage to show up.
Dental anomalies such as supernumerary teeth are best examined using:
Occlusal film is best for radiographs that examine dental anomalies. Occlusal radiographs display larger areas of an arch seen in one film compared with that seen in other intraoral films.
How many film sizes do you have to choose from with a bitewing radiograph?
There are four different sizes of bitewing film. The film ranges from size 0 to size 3.
Which of the following is an example of a non-stochastic health effect?
Non-stochastic effects are often referred to as radiation poisoning, since the symptoms usually onset quickly and can worsen with increased exposure. Symptoms often appear after short term, high level exposures. Many of the symptoms will stop or go away altogether after the exposure has stopped.
What error may lead to compensating by overexposing and underdeveloping dental film?
Dental film exposure times are critical to developing high quality radiographs. Often personnel processing dental radiographs will compensate for using incorrect exposure times by overexposing and underdeveloping film. To prevent poor quality results and unnecessary exposure to patients, radiograph personnel should establish correct exposure times for the x-ray machine.
Radiation can cause
Short term effects usually occur from an immediate exposure to high doses of radiation. Long term effects can arise years after exposure. Examples include: hair loss, blindness, and sterility.
Which dosimeter is often used as a supplemental device to another dosimeter being used by an employee?
The direct reading dosimeter is a personal monitoring device that can instantly show you the rate of your exposure as well as your total amount on a the device meter. However, the device is often paired with another dosimeter and returned with the other device. The two are compared to together to ensure accuracy and that the direct reading dosimeter is able to run correctly on its own.
Anatomical features that appear as dark areas on the dental film are
Dark areas on dental film indicate anatomical landmarks or features that are radio-lucent. Light areas on dental film indicate anatomical landmarks or features that are radio-paque.
What may not be clear in the panoramic radiography of the TMJ
The Glenoid fossa is part of the temporomandibular joint. It may not be clear with panoramic radiography. Anthrogram and MRIs are also used to view the joint.
In relation to the average setting recommended by the equipment and film manufacturer, the exposure setting for an OBESE patient is:
Setting For obese patients, the exposure setting should be adjusted to the next highest kVp or mA setting from the manufacturer’s recommended average. The patient’s dentition and bone density may also need to be considered when determining the most appropriate setting.
If a film is too dark, what is the likely problem in the development?
The temperature and time of development affects the outcome. A temperature that is higher than the manufacturer recommends will create a dark film.
The terms dose and exposure are sometimes used interchangeably. However, they have different meanings. EXPOSURE means:
Exposure is the measure of the strength of a radiation field at a certain point (usually in air). It is measured using a survey meter. The most often used unit for exposure is the roentgen (R)
Which dosimeter becomes ‘zeroed out’ after it has been officially read and documented?
When a thermoluminescent dosimeter is read, the device is heated to reveal the final exposure amount and ratings. When this occurs, the devices becomes ‘zeroed out’ and will become like new again, making it available for reuse at a later time.
What form of mounting radiographs is most preferred by the American Dental Association (ADA)?
Labial mounting is the process of placing the film placed in the film mount with the raised identification dot facing the viewer. This allows the films to be viewed as though the DHCP is looking straight at the patient and allows for easy viewing and interpretation.
What type of x-ray is this and what does it show?
This x-ray is an extraoral x-ray. Specifically, it is a panoramic. The patient is missing several teeth.
An area that appears most translucent on dental X-rays is:
An area that appears most translucent on dental X-rays is the pulp cavity. The pulp is the nerve and blood vessel center of the tooth
When is the best time to mount patient films?
Patient films should be mounted immediately after they are finished processing because once radiographs are mounted, they allow for patient identification and labeling to occur before files can be misplaced or lost. They also protect radiographs from future damage.
When wearing safety garments, the best way to get an accurate radiation reading on the operator’s monitoring device is
Monitoring devices are used to get an accurate reading of exposure to operators. It is important to wear the monitor on the outside of the garment, because shielded monitors will not give an accurate radiation level. The device should be placed on the operator’s collar.
An overlapping of the proximal surfaces is caused by:
Overlapping of proximal surfaces is caused by the incorrect angulation of the primary beam. To correct this situation, the horizontal angulation should be perpendicular to the film and the focal point.
Which intraoral radiograph would you use on a patient who needs oral surgery?
The periapical radiograph is shows the structures below the apex. This shows the root structures. It is used when a patient requires oral surgery.
Which type of radiograph will help determine whether a crown fits properly?
Bitewing radiography shows the tooth from the crown to the level of the supporting bone. This is the best choice to determine if a crown fits correctly.
Each of the following statements describe a cephalometric radiograph except:
The cephalometric radiograph predicts, rather than examines growth patterns. Commonly used by orthodontists, this radiograph measures changes and contains a soft tissue outline.
Processing documentation should not include:
Unlike film processing temperature charts, developer time and temperature charts, and processing equipment maintenance charts, the daily appointment schedule should not be a part of the processing documentation. These charts are critical to the process of producing high quality diagnostic dental radiographs.
The most commonly used leaded aprons cover what area(s) of the body?
The most commonly used lead aprons protect the patients vital organs. They cover the chest and lap. Many lead aprons also have a thyroid collar to protect the thyroid gland.
When mounting maxillary anterior X-rays, they should be placed with the crowns of the teeth toward:
When mounting maxillary anterior X-rays, they should be placed with the crowns of the teeth toward the bottom edge of the mount. This step is followed by the identification of the right and left incisor projections.
If a patient feels uncomfortable about the radiation during an x-ray, they should
Radiation exposure is a big concern for many patients, but they should realize the amount of radiation used is very low. The dentist should comfort the patient and talk about the radiation and only prescribe x-rays if absolutely necessary. The patient should also protect themselves by wearing all protective gear correctly.
The cumulative dose of occupational exposure for dental personnel should not exceed:
The National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements has established limits for occupational radiation exposure. Individuals should take actions to monitor and protect themselves from radiation. The cumulative dose per year should not exceed 50 mSv.
If the x-ray tube head moves during the procedure, the patient should
Patients should never touch x-ray units. They do not know how to operate them, and while moving the head back in place, it may cause themselves more radiation exposure.
What is true about the patient?
This x-ray shows that the patient has undergone extensive work. The patient has crowns, bridges, missing teeth, dental implants, veneers, and root canals.
Patient’s x-rays can be performed with
Both methods work efficiently and remain safe for patients. Digital imaging does expose the patient to less radiation.
Only half of a panoramic film is exposed. A MOST LIKELY cause is:
A patient moving can cause a panoramic radiograph to only be half exposed. Processing errors with the developing, fixing or rinsing will not cause a half exposed film.
What do cassettes convert x-ray energy to?
Film cassettes determine reduce radiation exposure compared to intraoral radiography. Film cassettes act as holders. They convert x-ray to light energy.
Intraoral x-rays are used to create ____
The X-rays use the latent image to creates an analog image. The analog image is black and white with shades of gray.
The appropriate temperature and times for the developer and replenisher are crucial during processing. A particular developer and replenisher for intraoral film requires 4 minutes at 70° F and 3 1/2 minutes at 72° F. The container states that processing should occur at room temperature. What is the range for room temperature in CELSIUS?
The temperature for developing dental radiographs or x-rays commonly ranges from 20 – 25° C. This range is normal room temperature. Solutions that are too cold may not develop properly.
A patient has a hyper-active thyroid (Grave’s disease). What safety principle should be followed in this case?
The safety principle of ALARA guides dental radiography for all patients. The dentist will determine what is reasonable for diagnostic purposes in prescribing x-rays. The dental operator use proper film selection, exposure settings, and technique when capturing the images to minimize exposure.
It is recommended that radiographs are mounted with the embossed dots all facing in the same direction according to which organization?
According to the ADA, the embossed dots on the mounted films should all face the same direction, usually in the direction of the tube head of radiographer. When the dots are all facing the same direction, the dental radiographer can then distinguish between the right and left sides of the patient when reviewing the radiographs.
Placement of the X-ray film in the fixer before the developer will:
Placing the film in the fixer before the developer will cause the film to be black. The developer solution is the first solution in which the X-ray film should be placed.
How should anterior film be placed for the parallel technique
Posterior and anterior views require different film placement. Anterior film should be placed vertically. Posterior film needs to be placed horizontally.
Which of the following is considered a shielding material that can protect the operator from radiation exposure?
Safety goggles are a type of protective shielding used to protect the eyes against radiation. Operators should wear goggles when they find themselves in an open area of radiation and feel as though they could be exposed.
Placing film in the mouth in a position that is parallel to both the lower and upper crowns is which technique?
Bitewing technique uses bitewing tabs and radiography. It places the film in a parallel position.
The lead apron placed on the patient should extend from
The lead apron is used to shield the patient from radiation. It should extend from the neck to past the genital region for proper safety. It should also have a thyrocervical collar
In viewing the sharps container, the dental assistant notices that it is puncture resistant, closeable, leak proof, and located far away from the work area. Which of the following is NOT acceptable?
In addition to Choices A, B and C, according to OSHA’s Bloodborne/Hazardous Materials Standard, sharps containers must be: “labeled or color coded, routinely replaced so there is no over flow, and easily accessible, meaning as close to the work area as practical and possible.
With regard to infection control, which of the following is an example of the “elimination of a hazard”?
Safety needles are an example of the “isolation of a hazard.” Hand hygiene is a “work practice control.” Masks, gloves and aprons are defined as PPE
What level of disinfection kills vegetative microorganisms (even Mycobacterium tuberculosis), fungi and destabilizes most viruses?
There are three levels of disinfection. Low level – Kills most vegetative bacteria (not Mycobacterium tuberculosis), some fungi and destabilizes some viruses. Intermediate level – Kills vegetative microorganisms (even Mycobacterium tuberculosis), fungi and destabilizes most viruses. High level – Kills vegetative microorganisms and destabilizes viruses
A patient claims she has been diagnosed with mercurialism. What is mercurialism?
Mercury poisoning is also known as hydrargyria or mercurialism. Amalgam dental procedures are said to be one cause for the diagnosis.
A dental assistant develops contact dermatitis from latex gloves used in the office. The employer should:
The employer is responsible for providing all personal protective equipment such as gloves. The employer should provide non-latex gloves for employees who may be hypersensitive to latex.
OSHA requires that disposable barriers be:
OSHA requires that disposal barriers be discarded and replaced between patients. There is no requirement that barriers be latex free or recycled plastic.
When storing instruments, newly sterilized items are placed where?
Newly sterilized items belong in the back of the older ones. This storage method will ensure that the older items are chosen first.
What will Not prevent exposure to nitrous oxide?
It is important not to aim waste gas at anything that will cause it to cycle through the dental office. Aiming waste gas at the ventilator will increase exposure. The other answers will limit it.
What allergies should patients be screened for relating to protective barriers?
A latex-free environment should be created if the patient and/or practitioner suffers from latex allergies. Failing to do so could result in undesirable reactions.
A dental environment needs to be free of _____.
Pathogens are microorganisms that cause disease. The environment needs to be aseptic. This means it should be free of pathogens.
When items are sterilized in a labeled bag, the bag is typically labeled using what?
Pencils are usually used when labeling bags to be used for sterilizing so the words do not become unreadable during the sterilization process. Preprinted indicator tape may also be used.
The CDC recommends that high-speed handpieces should be flushed for what minimum amount of time in order to get rid of air water?
The handpiece should be flushed after use on each patient. In order to discard of the water and air built up in the line, the CDC recommends a 20 – 30 second flush.
What needs to be disinfected after the polishing?
The pumice will cause splatter. It is important to clean the pan carefully. It also needs to be disinfected
A dental assistant must use the small office steam sterilizer to clean dental equipment. Of the following, which would be the cycle time at a temperature of 250°F.
Small office steam sterilizers have typical settings of 250°F and 273°F. When 250°F, the cycle can last 15 or 30 minutes. When 273°F, the cycle can last 3 or 10 minutes.
When is it acceptable to store soiled and clean instruments in the same cabinet?
It is never okay to knowingly combine clean and soiled instruments. The dental assistant must always strive to help avoid cross-contamination.
Disposables are assembled on trays in what area of instrument-processing?
There are several tasks that take place in the Sterilization / storage area. These include record keeping and sterilizing packs, among other things.
OSHA requires that portable fire extinguishers be:
OSHA requires that portable fire extinguishers be Must be wall-mounted within 50 feet of traveling distance and be maintained for proper functioning. Also, it requires that signs be posted to indicate office exits.
What is the FIRST routine method for proper hand hygiene when conducting routine dental exams?
These are the methods necessary for routine dental exams to minimize the risk of cross contamination of infectious disease. Although gloves are worn when conducting these procedures, it is crucial that the dental assistant first washes his hands and/or engages in hand antisepsis.
Environmental sterilants are regulated by the ____
The FDA regulates chemical sterilants and high-level disinfectants. Environmental sterilants are regulated by the EPA. This includes hospital sterilants
What does the number “1” in the yellow section of the chemical hazard label represent?
The National Fire Protection Association has created a color coded system that describes particular chemicals being used. The system explains the flammability, reactivity and health hazards associated with the chemical, as well as any special hazards. Red = Flammability. Yellow = Reactivity. Blue= Health. White = Special hazards (e.g. water reactive or oxidizing agent). The degree of each hazard is noted with a number 0-4. 0 = Minimal. 1 = Slight. 2 = Moderate. 3 = Serious. 4 = Extreme
Health promotion is:
Health promotion is a combination of educational, social, and environmental actions conducive to the health practices of a population. Health education is an aspect of health promotion.
Which action can prevent contaminating the surfaces in a dental operatory?
The surfaces in a dental operatory can become easily contaminated while performing patient procedures. To avoid contamination, protective barriers like rubber dams can be used to prevent spray and splattering of blood. The personnel should also avoid touching surfaces with gloved hands.
Annual training for dental health care workers should include how to prevent the transmission of bloodborne pathogens, such as:
The Centers for Disease Control strongly recommend that healthcare workers take strict measures to prevent the spread of bloodborne pathogens. Health workers must receive annual training on bloodborne pathogens and universal precautions. Training should also include how to prevent the spread of pathogens, such as tuberculosis, influenza and Staphylococcus aureus.
When using a soap dispenser, when is soap added
New soap should not be added on top of old. This can cause cross contamination. The dispenser needs to be cleaned out when empty. Then new soap is added.
A dental assistant is using a brush when handwashing. What is true of the brush?
Some dental offices find it more cost effective to invest in brushes that can be sterilized rather than disposed of and use new ones. This is a perfectly acceptable practice. On the other hand, it is also fine if the office uses disposable brushes. The goal is to prevent transferring microorganisms and this is best done by throwing away or sterilizing used brushes.
How many bacteria are commonly transferred from brief contact such as a dental assistant shaking a patient’s hand during introductions?
Brief episodes of contact can result in 100-1000 bacteria being transferred from one person to the next. During patient treatment, a significantly higher number of bacteria can be transferred and replicated.
Over gloves are useful in which situation?
Wearing over gloves helps prevent cross contamination when touching objects that are not sterile. This prevents replacing exam gloves and reduces the need amount of hand washing necessary.
The mucosal surfaces of the eyes, nose, and mouth are affected by which route of infection?
Droplet infection is caused by aerosol. It affects the mucosal surfaces. This includes transfer through the eyes, nose, and mouth.
What is NOT a potentially infectious material?
Skin is not considered potentially infectious if it is intact. The other answers are. Tissue and organs are also considered OPIM>
What does the number “2” in the yellow section of the chemical hazard label represent?
The National Fire Protection Association has created a color coded system that describes particular chemicals being used. The system explains the flammability, reactivity and health hazards associated with the chemical, as well as any special hazards. Red = Flammability. Yellow = Reactivity. Blue= Health. White = Special hazards (e.g. water reactive or oxidizing agent). The degree of each hazard is noted with a number 0-4. 0 = Minimal. 1 = Slight. 2 = Moderate. 3 = Serious. 4 = Extreme.
Hands have already been scrubbed and are not visibly dirty. What method is acceptable?
Alcohol based rubs are used for routine decontaminations. This is used when hands have no visible contamination. Hands need to be scrubbed with antimicrobial or non antimicrobial soaps.
How many links are there in the chain of infection?
The chain of infection are conditions that must exist for infection to occur. The links in the chain are infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host
All dental personnel should be immunized against:
Immunization against HBV should be administered to all dental personnel. The HIV immunization is not available.
Disposal face masks protect the wearer from:
Disposal face masks are not adequate protection from airborne respiratory infections such as Tuberculosis. They also do not provide protection from chemicals or toxic fumes. However, disposal face masks are important personal protective equipment for minimizing exposure to dental aerosols and spray.
When a dental assistant must leave the treatment room and open a drawer during a procedure to retrieve a supply that the dentist needs, he or she must wear:
In the event the dental assistant must leave the treatment room and open a drawer during a procedure to retrieve a supply that the dentist needs, he or she must wear overgloves. Notetaking is another situation in which the dental assistant must wear overgloves.
What does the number “2” in the blue section of the chemical hazard label represent?
The National Fire Protection Association has created a color coded system that describes particular chemicals being used. The system explains the flammability, reactivity and health hazards associated with the chemical, as well as any special hazards. Red = Flammability. Yellow = Reactivity. Blue= Health. White = Special hazards (e.g. water reactive or oxidizing agent). The degree of each hazard is noted with a number 0-4. 0 = Minimal. 1 = Slight. 2 = Moderate. 3 = Serious. 4 = Extreme.
It is important to understand the label for a hazardous chemical. Blue means:
A blue labels indicates the product may be hazardous to ones health. This product may be corrosive or toxic and harmful if ingested.
During the decontamination cycle of reusable dental equipment, which of the following would be done first?
There are some dental equipment items that are disposable after one use. For the items that are re-used, they must undergo a rigorous decontamination cycle in order to prevent the infestation of microorganism. The steps are as follows: cleaning, disinfection, inspection, packaging, sterilization, transport, storage, use and transport.
Labels attached to containers holding hazardous chemicals:
The Hazard Communication Standard requires that labels attached to hazardous chemical containers must not be removed for any reason. Product labels provide information about the substances contained in the product that are considered hazardous.
All dental offices are required to have a written Hazard Communication Standards Plan that identifies all chemicals stored in the office and
All dental offices are required to have a written Hazard Communication Standards Plan that identifies all chemicals stored in the office and Where employees can access plan materials and who handles the different portions of the plan. The plan must also describe how the dental office will meet OSHA’s requirements regarding labels, warnings, etc
According to OSHA, ____________ is the process of treating every patient as if they were presumed infectious and proceeding accordingly.
Standard precaution is the process of treating every patient as if they were presumed infectious and proceeding accordingly. Universal precautions protect dental health care workers against patient that may not show symptoms at the time of treatment and could transmit any infection at a later time.
Kay is training her new employees regarding the specific routine the office follows for the sterilization and disinfection of its equipment, which is also known as what?
tandard precautions is the practice of forming a routine when dealing with how to disinfect and sterilize within the dental office. When the DHCP follows these precautions during disinfecting and sterilizing, this forms a standard of care for the patients, regardless of the procedure they may need done.
The dental office is using a sterilizer that requires a special solution. Which of the following is the office MOST likely using?
Dry heat sterilization and ethylene oxide sterilization do not require solutions in order to operate. Chemical vapor sterilization requires a special solution and therefore must be used in areas with proper ventilation.
Disinfectant without tuberculcocidal is Not useful for which microorganism?
Geobacillus is discovered with biologic indicators. The other answers are microorganisms fought with disinfectant without tuberculcocidal.
A dental assistant is at the chairside when some of the patient’s blood sprays into her eye. What should she do?
If an employee has blood splashed into his or eyes or mucus membranes, the employee should receive first aid, notify the employer, document the exposure, and follow-up with HIV or HBV testing for the source and/or the employee. When the source is known to be infected with HIV or HBV, no new testing is required.
Film barriers are packets that prevent contamination of film. Film barriers are used specifically in radiography.
What is the drawback of liquid sterilization?
There is no biologic testing available for liquid or cool sterilization. The method should be reserved for plastics. It is important to follow EPA guidelines for safety.
The National Fire Protection Association has designated seven categories for the PPE needed when using various chemicals. What equipment is covered under “D” designation?
The categories on the PPE label are as follows:
A – Goggles
B – Goggles, gloves
C – Goggles, gloves, apron
D – Face shields, gloves, apron
E – Goggles, gloves, mask
F – Goggles, gloves, apron, mask
X – Gloves
How long does it take for polyether impressions to set before they can be disinfected?
Polyether impressions may not be able to be disinfected immediately. They may require 30 minutes to set before it is safe to disinfect them.
Which of the following is a barrier that exposes specific teeth?
Dental dams are typically made of latex or another thin material. They stretch over the mouth and provide access to specific teeth.
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