RADIOGRAPHER ONLINE EXAM PRACTICE KIT 10
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What body type is a siender build?
Be sure you can identify each body habitus by word description and by diagram.
What body type is a massive build?
Hypersthenic habitus
Sthenic Habitus
Hyposthenic habitus
Asthenic habitus
Be sure you can identify each body habitus by word description and by diagram.
What body type has the stomach and gall bladder low, vertical, and near the midline?
Be sure you can identify each body habitus by word description and by diagram.
What body type is average build, present in about 35% of the population?
Be sure you can identify each body habitus by word description and by diagram.
What is the most common body habitus, present in about 35% of the population?
Be sure you can identify each body habitus by word description and by diagram.
What body type has the stomach ana gallbladder high and horizontal?
Be sure you can identify each body habitus by word description and by diagram.
What body type has the thorax narrow and shallow?
Be sure you can identify each body habitus by word description and by diagram.
What body type has the thorax broad and deep?
Be sure you can identify each body habitus by word description and by diagram.
Key points in performing pediatric radiography are:
Reread each of the other choices carefully and you will see that this is the one best answer .Other choices has certain valid points ,but only this one covers the most important aspects of pediatric radiography.
The most important point to remember when performing trauma radiography:
Although choice A and B are certainly valid,choice C is a precedence over all the others. Choice D is incorrect because the radiographer may take additional projections are needed.
What plane passes vertically through the midaxillary region of the body and through the coronal suture of the cranium at right angles to the midsagittal plane?
The plane divide the body into anterior and posterior portions
What describes any plane parallel to the MSP?
The plane would still divide the body into right and left portions, but they would be unequal.
What type of joint is the hip?
A ball and socket join has a rounded head of one base moving in a cup like cavity;it is capable of movement in an infinite number of axes
What type of joint has a rounded head of one bone that moves in a cup like cavity?
The primary example is the hip.
What type of joint permits motion in one plain only?
An example of hinge joint is elbow.
What type of joint has opposing surfaces that are convex-concave ,allowing great freedom of motion?
Motions can be flexion,extension,adduction and abduction, an example is the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb.
What type of joint permits rotary movement in which a ring rotates around a central axis?
An example of this type of joint is the proximal radioulnar articulation
Which of the following statements are true regarding Venography?
1.Venography is performed to visualize thrombophlebitis, vericose vein or vessel damage secondary to trauma.
2. Venography requires AF and lateral projections.
3. Use of this examination is limited because deep veins cannot be imaged.
4. Injection is made into superficial veins.
AP and lateral projections are not required. AP and AP with internal rotation film may suffice.Choice C is incorrect because deep veins can be imaged.
Which of the following conditions would not be an indication for performing hysterosalpingography?
Pregnancy should be a contraindication to performing hystereosalpingography.
Which of the following statements are true regarding contrast arthrography?
1.Asepsis is required
2. The examination is performed on knee,shoulder,TMJ,hip and wrist.
3.Indication include trauma, capsular damage,meniscal tears,rupture of ligaments and arthritis.
4. The joint is manipulated by hand to disturb contrast medium.
All of the answers are valid .Be sure to know the least the basic points regarding arthrography,eventhough it is greadually replaced by MRI
Which of the following statements are true regarding myelography?
1.Injection is always performed at the L3-4 interspace
2. Oily iodinated contrast agent is the medium of choice.
3. Indications include herniated intervertebral disks,space-occupying lesions and disgenerative disease of the CNS.
4. Contrast medium is distributed by manual manipulation of the subarachnoid space.
5.The head must be kept hyperflexed so that contrast medium does not enter the cerebral ventricles
6.Spinal fluid may be withdrawn for laboratory analysis
Choice 1 is incorrect when cervical myelography is performed.Choice 2 is incorrect because contrast agents used in myelography are water soluble. Choice 4 is incorrect because gravity is used to tribute the contrast medium.Choice 5 is incorrect because lumbar myelography is performed
An examination that uses motion and blurring to view anatomy by setting the x-ray tube and image receptor in motion is:
Be familiar with tomography primarily because of it use in excretory urography
The proper centering point for a PA projection of the hand is the:
Notice how similar are choice A and B?Read carefully and choose correct answer
For a lateral projection of the wrist
Choice B is incorrect because ulnar surface is in contact with the film.Choice D is incorrect because using the fastest imaging system is not imperative.In fact many film department would stipulate slowest imaging system
For a lateral projection of the forearm,which of the following statements are true?
1.The ulnar surface must be contact with the imagereceptor
2. The thumb should be in a relaxed position
3. The humerus and forearmshould be in contact with the table.
4. The central ray is directed towards the injured joint
Choice 2 is incorrect beacuse the thumb should be up.Choice 4 is incorrect beacuse the elbow should be fixed 90 degree.Choice 5 is incorrect beacuse the central ray should be directed to the midpoint of the forearm.
For an AP projection of the elbow,Which of the following statements are true?
Choice 1 is incorrect beacuse the forearm and humerus should be in same plane.Choice 4 is incorrect beacuse the hand must be supinated
For a lateral projection of the humerus,which of the following statements are true?
Choice 1 is incorrect beacuse the hand is not pronated.Choice 4 is incorrect beacuse the arm may be slightly abducted.
For a PA oblique(scapular Y) projection of the shoulder,which of the following statements are true?
1. The central ray is directed to the shoulder at a 10 degree cephald angle.
2.The anterior surface of the affected shoulders is centered to the cassette.
3. The patient is rotated so that the midcoronal plane forms a 60 degree angle with the cassette.
4. The patient continues shallow breathing during exposure.
For an AP projection of the AC joints:
Choice A is incorrect beacuse it would not be appropriate to double-expose the film.
When the clavicle is being radiographed,wWhich of the following statements are true?
1.PA projection must always be used.
2.A central ray angle of 25 to 30 degrees cephalad is used for the PA axial projection
3. The patient head must be turned away from the affected side
4.AP projection may be used for patients comfort
5.An erect position may be used for patients comfort
6.A central ray angle of 25 to 30 degrees caudad is used for the PA axial projection
For a lateral projection of the scapula,which of the following statements are true?
1.The patient should be upright to reduce pain
2.Patient is positioned obliquely with unaffected scapula centered to the cassette.
3. The body is adjusted by palpating axillary and vertebral borders of the scapula so that the scapula is lateral.
4.Scapula musb be projected free of the rib cage
What is the name of a fracture of the medial and lateral malleoli of the ankle with ankle joint dislocation?
What condition involves the posterior portion of the tibia and the medial and lateral malleoli?
What condition is more commonly seen in elderly patients?
This is characterized by degeneration of 1 or several joints. The patient is likely to be in great discomfort
What is tumor that arises on bone with a large bubble appearance and may be benign or malignant?
A giant cell myeloma is a type of tumor that is easy to penetrate.
What condition is characterized by degeneration of one or several joints?
These patients require slow and careful handling
For AP radiography of the foot,which of the following statements are true?
1.A trough compensating filter may be used.
2. The dorsal surface results on the cassette.
3.The central ray is directed 10 degree anterior.
4.The central ray is directed at the head of the third metatarsal
Choice 1 is incorrect because trough filter is used for chest radiography.Choice 2 is incorrect because planar surface rest on the cassette.Choice 3 is incorrect because central ray is directed towards the heel.Choice 4 is incorrect because thecentral ray enters the foot at the base of the 3rd metastarsal.
When an AP axial projection is performed for the oscalcis,which of the following statements are true?
1.The leg should be fully extended
2.The planar surface of the foot should be parallel to the cassette
3.The central ray is directed 40 degree cephalad to the long axis of the foot
4. The central ray enters the foot at the head of the 5th metarsal
5.A cylinder cone may be used for the projections
Choice 2 is incorrect because the planar surface of the foot should be perpendicular to the cassette. Choice 4 is incorrect because the central ray enters the foot at the base of the 3rd metastarsal.
For a medial oblique position of the ankle,which of the following statements are true?
1.The leg and foot are rotated medially
2.The ankle is adjusted to 90 degree angle
3. The medial rotation is adjusted to 45 degree to show the mortise point
4. The medial rotation is adjusted to 15 to 20 degree to show the borny structure
5.The central ray is directed vertically midway between the malleoli
Choice 2 is incorrect because it rotates the angle too far.Choice 3 is incorrect because rotation should be adjusted 15 to 20 degrees for thr mortise point.Choice 4 is incorrect because rotation should be at the bony structure
For a lateral lower leg projection which of the following statements are true?
Choice 3 is incorrect because the patella must be rolled towards the affected side.Choice 6 is incorrect because the fibula should appear posterior to the tibia on the radiograph.
When a lateral knee projection is performed,which of the following statements are true?
Choice 3 is incorrect because the patella must be perpendicular to the film.Choice 4 is incorrect because the central should be directed 5 degree cephalad.
For atangential projection of patella,which of the following statements are true?
All of these conditions areneeded for an accurate examination of the patella in the tangential projection
For an AP projection of the femur:
The central ray of an AP projection of the hip is:
What condition is commonly caused by the motor vechicle accidents?
What condition is caused by the acute hypertension of the head on the neck and a fracture of the arch of C2?
When you are performing trauma radiography:
Choice A is incorrect because it does not mention that a physician has approved such removal. Choice B is incorrect because it is not necessary for a radiologist to provide the order.Choice C is incorrect because the patients attending the physician may direct that the collar be removed
What plane passes traversely across the body?
This plane divides the body into equal superior and inferior portions
What plane passes vertically through the midline of the body from front to back?
The plane divides the body into equal right and left portions
What plane divivide the body into superior and inferior portions?
A traverse plane passes crosswise through the body at right angles to its longitudinal axis
What is a defect of the posterior aspect of the spinal canal caused by the failure of the vertebral arch to form properly?
Such persons require special care and handling while positioning.Let them take it at their own speed
What is a defect in the pars articularis?
The pars articularis is between the superior and inferior articular processes of a vertebra
What is a comminuted fracture of the ring of the atlas involving both anterior and posterior arches and causing displacement of the fragments?
Any survical injury must be handled with care
For a lateral projection of the cervical spine,which of the following statements are true?
1.The patient may be upright ,seated or supine depending on his or her condition
2. SID of 72 inches to be used because of the creased object to image receptor distance
3.The shoulder should lie in the same plane
4. The cervical collar should be removed so that it does not obstruct pertinent anatomy
5.The chin should be in contact with the chest
Choice 4 is incorrect because the lateral projection of the cervical spine is always taken with the cervical collar in place until the finished radiograph has been cleared by a physician.Choice 5 is incorrect because it would distort the image
For a lateral projection of the cervical spine,which of the following statements are true?
Choice 2 is incorrect because no angulation is placed on the central ray.If all generator in a department are the falling load type,you must do the best you can.Little blurring will occur ,however because the exposure time is so short
For a lateral projection of the L5- S1,which of the following statements are true?
1.The patient in lateral position
2. The hips and knees are extendeds
3. The cassette is centered at the level of the traverse plane that passes midway between the iliac crests and the ASIS
4. A cylinder cone may be used to reduce greatly the production of scatter radiation
5. The central ray is always directedto a point 1.5 inchesanterior to the palpated spinous process of 1.5
Choice 2 is incorrect because the hips and knees should be flexed
For RPO and LPO positions for sacroiliac joints:
Choice B is incorrect because the part should be elevated 25 to 30 degree from the table.Choice D is incorrect there is no angle on the central ray.Choice A is opposite of correct answer
For an AP projection of the coccyx:
Be sure to keep the central ray paths clear among all the projections you have learned
Which pathological condition is easy to penetrate?
Emphysema is a condition in which all the air is trapped on the alveoli,which hyperinflates the lungs and make them much easier for x-rays to penetrate
What condition is acollapse of lung tissue and is harder to penetrate?
There is a fine line between just learning medical terminology and knowing something about pathological conditions.
What condition is characterized by air trapped in the alveoli, which makes the condition very easy to penetrate?
This is another way to ask about emphysema
What condition should not be imaged with use of an AEC?
Because emphysema makes the lungs so easy to penetrate ,automatic exposure controls sometimes cannot shutoff fast enough,which causes the film to be too dense.
What is lung cancer arising from bronchial mucosa?
What progressive condition is marked by diminished capabilities of inspiration and expiration?
These letter stands for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
For an AP projection of the ribs above the diaphragm, which of the following statements are true?
1.The top of the cassette is placed 1 to 2 inches above the shoulders
2. Theshoulders are relaxed and the scapulae are flat against the table
3.The central ray is directed to T&
4. Exposure is performed on full expiration to depress the diaphragm
Choice 2 is incorrect because the shoulders should be rotated anteriorly ,moving the scapulae out of the field of the ribs.Choice 4 is incorrect because respiration should be on full inspiration.
For RAO position of the sternum
Choice A is incorrect because the body should be rotated only 15 to 20 degrees.Choice B is incorrect because this is an anterior oblique.Choice D is incorrect because breathing causes a blurring of lung detail.
For radiography of the sternoclavicular articulations:
Choice A is incorrect because a PA projection causes superimposition of the spine and a lateral projection is not possible.Choice C is incorrect because respiration should be suspended.Choice D is incorrect because an AP projection would increas magnification
What condition is characterized by soft bones resulting from deficiency of vitamin D and sunlight?
Rickets is easy to penetrate
What condition is a bone disease causing bone destruction and unorganized bone repair and is generally difficult to penetrate?
Paget’s disease is a nonmetabolic bone disease
What condition is a an abnormal demineralization of bone, seen more often in females?
Osteoporosis is very easy to penetrate.Manual technique is used if possible.An AEC cannot often terminate the exposure fast enough, resulting in an overimposed image. Be knoweledgeable abou manual techniques you may use in thes type of situations.
What condition is marked by abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain?
Hydrocephalus is harder to penetrate
What condition is most often seen in elderly patients?
These patients may be frail and brittle.
For a direct Pa projection of the skull,the central ray is directed:
D is more complete answer when compared with cjhoice C.There is no angle on the central ray.
When a skull is radiographed in the lateral position
Be sure to read carefully and distinguish between parallel and perpendicular.Eventhough head radiography has been largely replaced by computed tomography.
For a parietoorbital projection of the optic foramen:
Choice A is incorrect because it describes the wrong three point landing.Choice B is incorrect because it describes angulation from the perpendicular.Choice C is incorrect because the central ray exits the affected orbit
When a parietoacanthial(waters) projection is performed for the facial bones?
Choice B is incorrect because of the degree of angulation.Choice D is incorrect because it indicates that the head is resting on the nose.
For a unilateral tangential projection of the zygomatic arches
When the mandibular body is radiographed with the patient in the SMV position:
Choice A and B are clearly incorrect because this is a submentovertical projection.Choice C and D differ only in the perpendicular verses parallel placement of the IOML.
The best survey study of the paranasal sinuses is obtained by use of what projection?
Whereas the water projection also shows all of the paranasal sinuses,the upright projection best indicates fluid levels.
What is a condition in which portion of the stomach protudes through the diaphragm?
This will be demonstrated during an upper GI series.
What condition involves an intestinal obstruction?
Intestional obstructions are sometimes difficult to image properly,because the obstruction may be more difficult to penetrate while the backed up gas may be quite easy to penetrate.Again,using a manual technique may be beneficial
What condition involves chronic inflammation of portion of the bowel?
Other portions of the bowel may be perfectly normal.These patients are usually in some degree of discomfort.
What condition may be dynamic or mechanical?
Bowel obstructions make the patient extremely ill and uncomfortable.Consider using a manual technique.
What condition appers in an “apple-core” pattern on barium enema examination?
This form of cancer requires immediate intervention.Being familiar with the various pathological conditions you will encounter makes radiography that much more interesting.Look up any condition with which you are unfamiliar
What condition is visualized by performing an upper GI series?
The other conditions are all in the bowel
What describes a bowel obstruction caused by immobility of bowel?
This condition is characterized by large amount of gas,use care when choosing the exposure technique.
What condition is characterized by pouchlike herniations of the colonic wall?
Patients with diverticula may be nearly asymtomatic or in great discomfort
What condition causes a narrowing of sphincter at the distal end of the stomach?
This condition may be characterized by projectile vomiting.Have emesis basins at hand.
What condition is a severe inflammation of the colon and rectum with loss of mucosal lining?
This is a very painful condition for the patient.Work quickly.
For RAO position of the esophagus:
Take careful note of the degree and direction of rotation.
For a PA projection of the stomach:
This is the most accurate and complete answer.The others are incomplete.
For LPO and RPO positions for the colon:
Because this is an LPO, the patient must be supine.That rules out choice A and D.
For a lateral decubitus of the colon:
Choice B and D can immediately be eliminated because they place the patient prone.A lateral decubitus position requires the patient to be lying on the side.
A procedure used to evaluate biliary and pancreatic pathological conditions with an endoscope:
This stands for Endoscopic Retrograde Chlangiopancreatography
What condition is characterized by fluid filled masses in the kidney?
These are harder to penetrate.
Which of the followingis a malignant cancer of the kidney?
Wilm’s tumor is seen primarily in children.
What condition include enlarged kidney contain numerous cyst?
PKD is harder to penetrate.
Which of the following conditions is seen primarily in children?
Wilm’s tumor is hardly to penetrate.
What describes a kidney stone?
Patients are typically in extreme pain
For RPO and LPO positions of the kidneys:
Questions on RPO and LPO kidneys tend to be confusing because it is harder to remember which kidney ends up perpendicular or parallel.Be sure to review these projections.
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