RADIOGRAPHER ONLINE EXAM PRACTICE KIT 16

RADIOGRAPHER ONLINE EXAM PRACTICE KIT 16

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  1. Unanswered
  2. Answered
  3. Review
  1. Question 1 of 100
    1. Question
    1 points

    The amount of radiation deposited per unit length of tissue travelled by incoming photons is called:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    More energy is deposited by particulate forms of radiation than by waveforms of radiation

  2. Question 2 of 100
    2. Question
    1 points

    Cataractogenesis , life span shortening ,embryological effects, and carcinogenesis are examples of:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    All are examples of radiation effects on the individual being exposed

  3. Question 3 of 100
    3. Question
    1 points

    Compton interaction:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Choices A is incorrect because photoelectric interaction produces contrast

  4. Question 4 of 100
    4. Question
    1 points

    Rem multiplied by a radiation weighting factor equals:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    The correct equation would be rads multiplied by a radiation weighting factor equals rem.

  5. Question 5 of 100
    5. Question
    1 points

    Effective dose limit:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Correct B is incorrect because no level of radiation is considered completely safe.Correct C is incorrect because no such immunity has been proved.Correct B is incorrect because the effective dose limit for the general public is 500 mrem per year

  6. Question 6 of 100
    6. Question
    1 points

    Radiation with a high LET:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    High LET radiation is depositing a lot of energy in the tissues, causing much ionization.

  7. Question 7 of 100
    7. Question
    1 points

    Radiation protection is based on which dose response relationship?

    Correct

    It is assumed that for every dose of  radiation , a lot of energy in the tissues causing much ionization.

    Incorrect

    Explanation:
  8. Question 8 of 100
    8. Question
    1 points

    Which of the following states that the radiosensitivity of cells is directly proportional to their reproductive activity and inversely proportional to their degree of differentiation?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Cells such as epithelial ,ovarian, and sperm cells.

  9. Question 9 of 100
    9. Question
    1 points

    Which of the following causes about 95%  of the cellular response to radiation?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Because the cellular cytoplasm is substantially larger than the cellular nucleus, it is more likely to be struck by incoming x-ray photons.Thus most of the cellular response to radiation is indirect.The direct effect results from x-ray photons directly striking the cellular nucleus.

  10. Question 10 of 100
    10. Question
    1 points

    When radiation strikes DNA , which of the following occurs?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Indirect effect occurs when radiation strikes the cytoplasm of the cell.Target theory states that there is a master molecule that governs cellular activities , that is DNA.

  11. Question 11 of 100
    11. Question
    1 points

    The amount of radiation that causes the number of genetic mutations in a population to double is called the:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    This is 50 to 250 rads in humans

  12. Question 12 of 100
    12. Question
    1 points

    the units of equivalent dose, activity,in-air exposure and absorbed dose are:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Be sure to review the units of measurement

  13. Question 13 of 100
    13. Question
    1 points

    Medical x-rays are an example of:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    This is human produced radiation

  14. Question 14 of 100
    14. Question
    1 points

    The equivalent dose limit for an embryo or fetus is:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    This is the same as the general public’s annual limit for infrequent exposure

  15. Question 15 of 100
    15. Question
    1 points

    The photoelectric effect:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    choice B and D refer to electrons and brems radiation ,which apply to action inside the x-ray tube;the photoelectric effect is a photon interaction.

  16. Question 16 of 100
    16. Question
    1 points

    The effective dose limit for radiographers:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Be sure to get the amount and unit of measurement correct

  17. Question 17 of 100
    17. Question
    1 points

    The average dose to active bone marrow as an indicator of somatic effects on a population is called:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    This is the definiton of mean marrow dose(MMD).It is not called the bone dose.The doubling dose is the amount of radiation that causes the number of mutations ina population to double. the GSD is the genetically significant dose.

  18. Question 18 of 100
    18. Question
    1 points

    A radiation dose that if received by the entire population would cause the same genetic injury as the total of doses received by  the members actually being exposed is called:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    This describes the  GSD is the genetically significant dose(not genetic dose).The doubling dose is the amount of radiation that causes the number of mutations in a population to double. Mean marrow dose is the average dose to active bone marrow as an indicator of somatic effects on population.

  19. Question 19 of 100
    19. Question
    1 points

    A lead apron of at least what thickness should be worn while being exposed to scatter radiation?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Shielding of lead equivalent, not aluminium equivalent , is used  to protect from scatter radiation.The requirement for lead apron is atleast 0.25-mm Pb equivalent,it should be 0.5mm mm Pb equivalent,which is what the question asks.There is a difference between shall and should.

  20. Question 20 of 100
    20. Question
    1 points

     Use of thyroid shield of at least what thickness should be used for fluroscopy?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    The requirement for a thyroid shields,if used, during fluroscopy is 0.5 -mm lead, not aluminium equivalent.

  21. Question 21 of 100
    21. Question
    1 points

    How thick are primary protective barriers?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Primary protective barriers consists of 1/16 inch lead equivalent, not aluminium equivalent, secondary  protective barriers consists of 1/32 inch lead equivalent

  22. Question 22 of 100
    22. Question
    1 points

    Primary protective barriers,  if the wall must extend to a height of at least:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Primary protective barriers  in the wall must extend to a height of at least 7 feet, because the height is taller than most people.

  23. Question 23 of 100
    23. Question
    1 points

     Secondary protective barriers,  if the wall must extend to a height of

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

     Secondary protective barriers extends from where the primary  protective barriers ends to the ceiling with  a1/2 inch overlap.

  24. Question 24 of 100
    24. Question
    1 points

    The protective curtain hanging from the fluroscopy tower must at least

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    The protective curtain hanging from the fluroscopy tower must at least 0.25 mm Pb, not AI , equivalent. Be sure to remember all the shielding requirements

  25. Question 25 of 100
    25. Question
    1 points

    The Bucky slot cover must be atleast:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Be sure to remember all the shielding requirements

  26. Question 26 of 100
    26. Question
    1 points

    Filters made of aluminium and copper are placed in the film badge to measure x-ray:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Filters made of aluminium and copper are placed in the film badge to measure x-ray energy striking the film  badge. This is a measure of the beam’s quality, not quantity.

  27. Question 27 of 100
    27. Question
    1 points

    Film badges are changed: 

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    A  film badge  should not be worn longer than 1 month, at which  time  a film badge report with readings is returned to the institution.

  28. Question 28 of 100
    28. Question
    1 points

    Thermoluminescent dosimeters use what type of energy to indicate dose?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Lithium fluoride crystals, which release energy as visible light when heated , are used to record dose in TLDs.

  29. Question 29 of 100
    29. Question
    1 points

    TLDs are heated and release what type of energy to indicate dose?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    TLDs are heated and release visible light energy to indicate dose. This energy is read by photomultiplier tube.

  30. Question 30 of 100
    30. Question
    1 points

    Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeters are sensitive to exposure as low as:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeters are sensitive to exposure as low as 1 mrem, which takes them 5 times as sensitive as TLDs. This feature along with their wide dynamic range, greater accuracy, and long term stabilty, make them ideal for personnel monitoring

  31. Question 31 of 100
    31. Question
    1 points

    The recording material in an OSl dosimeter is

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    The recording material in an OSl dosimeter is aluminium oxide,which is then scanned by a laser beam.Film badges use film as the recording material;TLDs use lithium fluroide.Silver halide is the active ingredieni in radiographic film emulsion.

  32. Question 32 of 100
    32. Question
    1 points

     The energy stored in an OSl dosimeter is released when the dosimeter is exposed to:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    The energy stored in an OSl dosimeter is releasedby exposure to a laser. The energy is then released as visible light.The energy stored in a TLD is released by heat.

  33. Question 33 of 100
    33. Question
    1 points

     OSl dosimeter  may be worn for:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    OSl dosimeter  may be worn for up to a quarter,although in may cases they may be changed monthly.

  34. Question 34 of 100
    34. Question
    1 points

    OSL dosimeter may be scanned and reanalyzed:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    One of the key advantages of OSL dosimeter is the capability of reanalysis for confirmation of dose, which is  especially important if a dose in a question.

  35. Question 35 of 100
    35. Question
    1 points

    The most commonly used gonadal shield is the:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    The flat contact shield, which consists of a piece of lead placed over the gonads, is most commonly used. It may be  as simple as alead apron properly placed. The shadow shield which is suspended from the x-ray housing and does not come in contact with patient, when sterile technique is required.A collimator is not considered a gonadal shielding device.

  36. Question 36 of 100
    36. Question
    1 points

    For optimal radiation protection,what speed of exposure technique should be used?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Low mAs reduces the amount of radiation striking the patient. Chossing the optimum kVp for the part being radiographed increases the quality of the x-ray beam. Low kVp, high  mAs would result in the opposite

  37. Question 37 of 100
    37. Question
    1 points

    For optimal radiation protection, what type of  IR should be used?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    The fastest practical speed for the part being radiographed should be used to reduce patient dose. Slow speed increases patient dose.

  38. Question 38 of 100
    38. Question
    1 points

    The minimum source to skin distance for portable radiography is:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Be sure to review the source to – skin distance requirements.

  39. Question 39 of 100
    39. Question
    1 points

    The personal dosimetry report reads in what units of measurement?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    The personal dosimetry report usually reads in units of mrem, the unit of equivalent dose and effective dose, which uses a radiation weighting factor to modify the absorbed dose amount to account for greater damage inflicted by some forms of radiation. Rad  meaures the absorbed dose.Roentgen measures the amount of in- air radiation.Curies measure the quantity of radioactive material.

  40. Question 40 of 100
    40. Question
    1 points

    How often is filtration adjusted by the radiographer?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Filtration is adjusted by a medical radiation physcist, not by the radiographer. Compensating filtration such as wedge filters are manipulated by the radiographer.

  41. Question 41 of 100
    41. Question
    1 points

    According to NCRP report #160, the effective dose for a typical CT examination is:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    The current alternatives 120 times per second

  42. Question 42 of 100
    42. Question
    1 points

    According to NCRP report #160, the typical dose for a lumbar spine examination is:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    As wavelength increases,frequency decreases and vice versa.

  43. Question 43 of 100
    43. Question
    1 points

    Of the total radiation exposure , 36 % involves:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    The smallest particle of an element that retains the characteristics of the element in an atom.

  44. Question 44 of 100
    44. Question
    1 points

    A typical chest x-ray involves a dose of:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    According to Einstein matter cannot travel at or or beyond the speed of light.

  45. Question 45 of 100
    45. Question
    1 points

    According to NCRP Report #160, a typical dose for a pelvis and hip examination:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    A step up transformer and steps up voltage and step down current.

  46. Question 46 of 100
    46. Question
    1 points

    An ionization chamber circui places:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    The ionization chamber is the most common form of automatic exposure control.

  47. Question 47 of 100
    47. Question
    1 points

    Full wave rectification uses:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Choice B looks tempting, but silicone is a substance that is sometimes used in plastic surgery.

  48. Question 48 of 100
    48. Question
    1 points

    A full wave rectified , three phase , 12 pulse x-ray machine produces approximately ………………..%  more average photon energy than a full wave rectified ,single phase x-ray machine

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Hence the use of the constant 1.41 when calculating heat units for this type of equipment.

  49. Question 49 of 100
    49. Question
    1 points

    According to the anode heel effect, the intensity of radiation is greater  at the ………………. side of the x-ray tube

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    This is where you should place the thicker part being radiographed.

  50. Question 50 of 100
    50. Question
    1 points

    The amount of time needed for an AEc to terminate the exposure is called:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    During this time, the exposure is still taking place.

  51. Question 51 of 100
    51. Question
    1 points

    A tube rating chart is used to determine:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Although seldom used, this is based on heat units that would be produced for a given exposure.

  52. Question 52 of 100
    52. Question
    1 points

    Where is the electron beam focused?

     

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Electrons focusing lenses.

  53. Question 53 of 100
    53. Question
    1 points

    Where is the electron image produced?

     

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Photocathode

  54. Question 54 of 100
    54. Question
    1 points

    From where the visible image distributed to viewing or recording media?

     

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Output phosphor

  55. Question 55 of 100
    55. Question
    1 points

    Where is x-ray converted to visiblee light?

     

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Input phosphor . Be sure to review the parts of the image intensifier and know what occurs at each.

  56. Question 56 of 100
    56. Question
    1 points

    A particular x-ray room is “shooting dark”. The problem arises when a change is made from 200 to 300 mA using fixed kVp techniques at 0.16 second.which of the following would lead to an accurate diagnosis of the problem?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Exposure linearity tests the accuracy of the mA stations

     

     

  57. Question 57 of 100
    57. Question
    1 points

    An outpatient radiographic room is used  primarily for tabletop radiography of the extremities. On a particularly busy afternoon, the radiographers find that similar exposure techniques on successive patients results in substantially different radiographers. Which of the following would lead to an accurate diagnosis of the problem?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Exposure reproducibility tests the accuracy of successive exposures when the same techniqueis used.

  58. Question 58 of 100
    58. Question
    1 points

    Localized lack of sharpness on a radiograph may be diagnosed with which of the following tests?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    It will be visualized as ablurry pattern on the image of the mesh.

  59. Question 59 of 100
    59. Question
    1 points

    X-ray beam quantity is expressed in terms of:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Half value layer is the amount of absorbing material that reduces the intensity of the beam by half.

  60. Question 60 of 100
    60. Question
    1 points

    The accuracy of  collimation at a 40- inch SID must be:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    The accuracy of collimation must be within 2 % of the SID.

  61. Question 61 of 100
    61. Question
    1 points

    The accuracy of  kVp at 80 kVp must be:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    The accuracy of kVp must be within 4 kVp.

  62. Question 62 of 100
    62. Question
    1 points

    The apparent size of the focal spot as viewed by the image receptor is called the

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    The actual focal spot is the physical area on the anode from  which the x-ray emanate

  63. Question 63 of 100
    63. Question
    1 points

    Which of the following interactions is the primary source of diagnostic x-rays?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    The rays appear to be coming from a smaller area. This results in a sharper image.

  64. Question 64 of 100
    64. Question
    1 points

    Which of the following interactions is the primary source of diagnostic x-rays?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    X-rays are also produced by the characteristic interaction at the anode.

  65. Question 65 of 100
    65. Question
    1 points

    Which set of exposure factors would produce the greater density?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    This technique has the highest mAs and the highest kVp.

  66. Question 66 of 100
    66. Question
    1 points

    Which set of exposures factors would produce the greatest density?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    This technique has the highest mAs and the highest kVp.

  67. Question 67 of 100
    67. Question
    1 points

    The components of a grid are:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Be sure to keep lead and aluminium in their proper places.

  68. Question 68 of 100
    68. Question
    1 points

    What is the purpose of a grid?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    The primary beam does not contain scatter, contrast goes up when a grid is used, and the dose to the patient actually goes up, not down.

  69. Question 69 of 100
    69. Question
    1 points

    Which of the following list of substances that make up the human body best places them in incresing order of density?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Choice A is nearly correct, but choice D includes tooth enamel.Read all answers carefully.

  70. Question 70 of 100
    70. Question
    1 points

    Bit depth describes:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Bit depth is equal to 2n, where n is the number of bits.

  71. Question 71 of 100
    71. Question
    1 points

    If it is necessary to reduce radiographic density by half, and it is impossible to do so by changing mAs ,the radiographer may:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    kVp is governed by the 15% rule.

  72. Question 72 of 100
    72. Question
    1 points

    Compared with film, the dynamic range for digital imaging is:

    Correct

    Incorrect

  73. Question 73 of 100
    73. Question
    1 points

    Grid cutoff may be described as:

    Correct

    Incorrect

  74. Question 74 of 100
    74. Question
    1 points

    Dynamic range is defined as:

    Correct

    Incorrect

  75. Question 75 of 100
    75. Question
    1 points

    Modulation transfer function (MTF) is:

    Correct

    Incorrect

  76. Question 76 of 100
    76. Question
    1 points

    2n(where n equals the number of bits) defines:

    Correct

    Incorrect

  77. Question 77 of 100
    77. Question
    1 points

    A scintillator:

    Correct

    Incorrect

  78. Question 78 of 100
    78. Question
    1 points

    The magnitude of the signal differences in the remnant beam refers to:

    Correct

    Incorrect

  79. Question 79 of 100
    79. Question
    1 points

    A term used to describe the mathematical formula used by the computer to restrict the image

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    It is critical to choose the correct algorithm for each projection.

  80. Question 80 of 100
    80. Question
    1 points

    When speed is essential in completing an imaging examination , the prefered IR is:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    This is currently the fastest way to obtain the image.

  81. Question 81 of 100
    81. Question
    1 points

    Pixel is an acronym meaning:

    Correct

    Incorrect

  82. Question 82 of 100
    82. Question
    1 points

    Improper use of grids with a digital imaging system may cause an artifact known as:

    Correct

    Incorrect

  83. Question 83 of 100
    83. Question
    1 points

    An integrated systems of images and information is called:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Picture Archiving and Communication System

  84. Question 84 of 100
    84. Question
    1 points

    Image noise may be described as:P

    Correct

    Incorrect

  85. Question 85 of 100
    85. Question
    1 points

    The measurement of the luminance of a monitor is called:

    Correct

    Incorrect

  86. Question 86 of 100
    86. Question
    1 points

    Grid radius is:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Violation of the grid radius will cause grid cutoff.

  87. Question 87 of 100
    87. Question
    1 points

    Visibility of an object’s edge may be limited by:

    Correct

    Incorrect

  88. Question 88 of 100
    88. Question
    1 points

    Detective quantum efficiency indicates:

    Correct

    Incorrect

  89. Question 89 of 100
    89. Question
    1 points

    Digital receptors have what kind of response to exposure?

    Correct

    Incorrect

  90. Question 90 of 100
    90. Question
    1 points

    If an angle on the anode is decreased,what effect is there on recorded detail?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    A smaller effective focal spt is produced.

  91. Question 91 of 100
    91. Question
    1 points

    If mAs is increased  by four times,what is the effect on radiographic contrast?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Although kVp is the controlling factor of contrast, a change in mAs of this magnitude would bury the contrast under excessive density.

  92. Question 92 of 100
    92. Question
    1 points

    If SID is increased,what is the effect on density?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Density decreases as distance is increased, with no changes in exposure factors.

  93. Question 93 of 100
    93. Question
    1 points

    If SID is increased,what is the effect on recorded detail?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    A decrease in OID results in less magnification of the image.

  94. Question 94 of 100
    94. Question
    1 points

    A photodiode converts:

    Correct

    Incorrect

  95. Question 95 of 100
    95. Question
    1 points

    If kVp is incresed, what happens to radiographic contrast?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    Higher kVp results in more Compton interactions and a more uniform penetration of the part.

  96. Question 96 of 100
    96. Question
    1 points

    Amorphous silicon is used in:

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    However,  this technology is evolving rapidly.

  97. Question 97 of 100
    97. Question
    1 points

    In a conversion from nongrid to a 12: 1  grid, what happens to radiographic contrast?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    The grid absorbs scatter radiation . In addition, because no compensation has been made in mAs, the absorption of image- forming rays will be quite noticeable.

  98. Question 98 of 100
    98. Question
    1 points

    If SID is decresed from 60 inches to 30 inches, what happens to magnification?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    A shorter SID will rsult in greater magnification

  99. Question 99 of 100
    99. Question
    1 points

    If  kVp  is decreased, what happens to recorded detail?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    There is no correlation between kVp and recorded detail.kVp, and the contrast  it provides , does control visibility of detail.

  100. Question 100 of 100
    100. Question
    1 points

    If the IR is removed from tabletop to Bucky, what happens to recorded detail?

    Correct

    Incorrect

    Explanation:

    This results in increase OID. The point could be made that  such a small  change(approximately 2 inches) would cause little appreciable effect. It is not likely that the certified exam would attempt to examine such a fine point. However, the single best answer is B, because there is an increase in OID.

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