RADIOGRAPHER ONLINE EXAM PRACTICE KIT 13

Question 1 of 100

1. Question

1 points

Attenuation:

Is radiation that emerges from the patient
Describe changes in the x-ray beam as it travels through the patient
Produces only scatter radiation
Occurs only at doses used in radiation therapy

Question 2 of 100

2. Question

1 points

Which photon tissue interaction makes radigraphy possible because of its creation of contrast?

Compton
Coherent
Photoelectric
Pair production

Question 3 of 100

3. Question

1 points

Which photon tissue interaction produces radiation that may expose others in the room during fluroscopy?

Compton
Coherent
Photoelectric
Pair production

Question 4 of 100

4. Question

1 points

The traditional unit of absorbed dose is:

Coulumbs/kilogram
Gray
Curie
Rad

Question 5 of 100

5. Question

1 points

The traditional unit of activity is

Becquerel
Gray
Quality factor
Curie

Question 6 of 100

6. Question

1 points

Measurement of positive and negative particles created when ionizes atoms in the air helps define the:

Becquerel
Gray
Roentgen
Curie

Question 7 of 100

7. Question

1 points

Linear energy transfer:

Is the same for all type of radiation
Is the same for wave and particular radiations used in diagnosis and treatment
Occurs only during x-ray procedures
varies for different types of radiation

Question 8 of 100

8. Question

1 points

The unit of curie would be used in what imaging modality?

Radiography
CT
MRI
Nuclearv medicine

Question 9 of 100

9. Question

1 points

Graph that shows the relationship between radiation received and the organism’s response are called:

Response curves
H and D curves
Dose -response curves
Radiation-threshold curves

Question 10 of 100

10. Question

1 points

Medical x-rays are an example of:

Natural background radiation
artificially produced radiation
Nonionizing radiation
Ionizing ,Natural background radiation

Question 11 of 100

11. Question

1 points

Cataractogenesis does not occur at low levels of radiation exposure,it is best expressed by which of the following dose-response relationships?

Threshold
Nonthreshold
Lowdose
Occupational dose

Question 12 of 100

12. Question

1 points

Increased dose equals increased probability of effects best describes which of the following?

Stochastic effects
Deterministic effects
Direct effect
Indirect effect

Question 13 of 100

13. Question

1 points

The cumulative occupational exposure for a 22-year old radiographer is:

22 mrem
55 rem
11mrem
22 rem

Question 14 of 100

14. Question

1 points

The annual effective dose limit for the general public,assuming frequency exposure is:

0.5 mrem
500 mrem
0.05 mrem
0.1 rem

Question 15 of 100

15. Question

1 points

The secondary productive barrier used in room shielding must be at least how thick?

1/32 inch AI equvalent
1/16 inch AI equvalent
1/16 inch Pb equvalent
1/32 inch Pb equvalent

Question 16 of 100

16. Question

1 points

The intensity of the scattered beam is 1/1000 the intensity of the primary beama at a …………… angle 1m from the patient

45 degree
25 degree
90 degree
10 degree

Question 17 of 100

17. Question

1 points

If the radiation dose 6 feet from the x-ray table is 5R,what is the dose at a distance of 3 feet?

20 R
10 R
1. 25 R
2.5 R

Question 18 of 100

18. Question

1 points

The minimum source to distance for fixed fluroscopes

15 inches
12 inches
10 inches
18 inches

Question 19 of 100

19. Question

1 points

The use of gonadal shielding on female patients may reduce gonad dose by

50%
75%
85%
95%

Question 20 of 100

20. Question

1 points

Cells that are oxygenated are more susceptible to radiation damage;this describes:

Target theory
Direct effect
Doubling dose
Oxygenated enhancement ratio

Question 21 of 100

21. Question

1 points

The blood count is depressed after a whole-body dose equivalent of at least how many rads?

10
25
5
1

Question 22 of 100

22. Question

1 points

Highly reactive ions that have unpaired electrons in the outershell are called:

Electrified
Radiolytic
Hydrogenperoxide
Free radicals

Question 23 of 100

23. Question

1 points

The process of somatic cell division is called:

Mitosis
Spermatogenesis
Organogenesis
Cytogenesis

Question 24 of 100

24. Question

1 points

The master molecule that directs cell activities is:

RNA
Hydrogen peroxide
A free radical
DNA

Question 25 of 100

25. Question

1 points

The most common effect from exposure to ionizing radiation is:

Mutations
Ionization of atoms in the cell
Cell death
Nothing

Question 26 of 100

26. Question

1 points

Most radiation -induced damage to cell occurs:

At diagnostic levels of radiation
During fluroscopy
At doses of radiation much higher than doses used in radiography
From background radiation

Question 27 of 100

27. Question

1 points

Radiation doses up to ………… are considered relatively low risk to the embryo and fetus

5 rads
5 to 10 rads
1 rad
15 to 20 rads

Question 28 of 100

28. Question

1 points

A concept of radiologic practice that encourages radiation users to adopt measures that keep the dose to the patient and themselves at minimum levels is called:

LED
RBE
MPD
ALARA

Question 29 of 100

29. Question

1 points

Which of the following is relatively insensitive of radiation?

Nerve tissue
Reproductive cells
Epithelial tissue
Immature sperm cells

Question 30 of 100

30. Question

1 points

Somatic effects of radiation:

are common
Are caused when a large dose of high-LET radiation is received by a large area of the body
Are caused after exposure of DNA
Include genetic mutations

Question 31 of 100

31. Question

1 points

The best way to keep radiation dose to the patient low is:

Distance
Shielding
Time
Avoidance of repeat exposures

Question 32 of 100

32. Question

1 points

X-rays may remove electrons from atom in the body by a process called:

Electrification
Exposure
Ionization
radicalizing

Question 33 of 100

33. Question

1 points

Ionization may cause:

Stable atoms
Production of high energy x-rays
Formation of new molecules beneficial to the cell
Unstable atoms

Question 34 of 100

34. Question

1 points

Cell damage may be exhibited as:

Loss of function or abnormal function
Nothing
Enhanced function

Question 35 of 100

35. Question

1 points

Damage to the cell being irradiated is called:

Genetic
Exposed cell
Somatic cell
Molecular

Question 36 of 100

36. Question

1 points

Radiation effects that show up in the next generation are called:

Genetic
Exposed cell
Somatic cell
Molecular

Question 37 of 100

37. Question

1 points

Radiation that is contained in the environment is called:

Man - made
Artificial
Natural background
Artificial background

Question 38 of 100

38. Question

1 points

Background radiation is the source of what present of human exposure?

95%
82%
50%
35%

Question 39 of 100

39. Question

1 points

The annual effective dose per person from natural background radiation is approximately:

100 mrem
295 mrem
50 mrem
900 mrem

Question 40 of 100

40. Question

1 points

The greatest source of natural background radiation to human is:

X-rays
Delta rays
Radon
Radium

Question 41 of 100

41. Question

1 points

According to NCRP report #160, the increase in total exposure is primarily attributed to increase use of:

MRI
Diagnostic medical ultrasound
Fluroscopy and interventional procedures
CT

Question 42 of 100

42. Question

1 points

According to NCRP report #160, interventional fluroscopy contributes approximately what amount to the annual dose to the population?

1.5 mSv
0.7 mSv
0.43 mSv
2.0 mSv

Question 43 of 100

43. Question

1 points

CT accounts for approximately what percent dose to the population?

24%
50%
15%
80%

Question 44 of 100

44. Question

1 points

Using data from NCRP Report #160, the typical dose for an upper GI is:

1.5 mSv
6.0 mSv
3.5 mSv
10.3 mSv

Question 45 of 100

45. Question

1 points

NCRP report #160 indicates the dose for an examination of the extremities is:

Negligible -0.005 to 0.008 mSv
1.0 to 3.0 mSv
Negligible -0.10 to 0.15 mSv
Too low to be accurately measured

Question 46 of 100

46. Question

1 points

The smaller particle of an element that retains the characteristics of the element is a(n):

Element
Atom
Molecule
Neutron

Question 47 of 100

47. Question

1 points

Atomic mass refers to:

The no: of protons plus the no: of electrons
The no: of electrons
The no: of electron shells
The no: of protons

Question 48 of 100

48. Question

1 points

X-ray travel as bundle of energy called:

protons
Phasers
Particles
Photons

Question 49 of 100

49. Question

1 points

The height of sine wave is called:

Wavelength
Altitude
Amplitude
Frequency

Question 50 of 100

50. Question

1 points

The number of x-ray waves passing a given point per unit time is called:

Wavelength
Altitude
Amplitude
Frequency

Question 51 of 100

51. Question

1 points

The transformer that operates on principle of self induction is called:

Step -up transformer
Step -down transformer
Induction transformer
Autotransformer

Question 52 of 100

52. Question

1 points

Electronic timers used in x-ray equipment allow for exposure times of:

1/100 second
1/1000 second
1 second
There is no limit to how short the exposure can be

Question 53 of 100

53. Question

1 points

To ensure consistency of radiographic quality from one exposure to the next, which device may be used?

Electronic timer
Automatic collimation
Automatic exposure control
Falling load generator

Question 54 of 100

54. Question

1 points

What happens when a predetermined level of ionization is reached in the ionization chamber?

The unit shut off because of malfunction
The maximum allowable time has been reached
The highest allowable dose to the patient has been reached
The exposure is terminated

Question 55 of 100

55. Question

1 points

An x-ray machine that makes maximum use of heat loading potential uses:

Ionization chamber
Phototimer
AEC
Falling load generator

Question 56 of 100

56. Question

1 points

An x-ray machine that makes maximum use of heat loading potential uses a(n):

Ionization chamber
Phototimer
AEC
Falling load generator

Question 57 of 100

57. Question

1 points

Devices in the x-ray circuit that operates on the principle of mutual induction are called:

Rectifiers
Generators
Timers
Transformers

Question 58 of 100

58. Question

1 points

The high – voltage section of the x-ray circuit makes use of what type of transformer?

Step-up
Autotransformer
Step-down
Falling load

Question 59 of 100

59. Question

1 points

The device in the x-ray circuit that changes AC to DC is the:

Autotransformer
Step-up transformer
Rectifier
Falling load generator

Question 60 of 100

60. Question

1 points

What type of current is required for the proper operation of the x-ray tube?

Direct
Falling load
Alternating
Fluctuating

Question 61 of 100

61. Question

1 points

Modern rectifiers are made of:

Silicon based semiconductors
Transistors
Cathode ray tubes

Question 62 of 100

62. Question

1 points

The result of thermionic emission is

Recoil electron
Electron cloud
Scattered photon
Characteristic photon

Question 63 of 100

63. Question

1 points

The focusing cup is located at the:

Cathode
Anode
X-ray tube window
Control panel

Question 64 of 100

64. Question

1 points

An interaction that produces x-rays at the anode as aresult of outer shell electrons filling holes in the K-shell is called:

Characteristic
Photoelectric
Compton
Brems

Question 65 of 100

65. Question

1 points

When a quality control test is performed to ensure to ensure that adjacent mA stations are accurate,the result must be within the amount of one another:

2 % of SID
4%
10%
5%

Question 66 of 100

66. Question

1 points

When a quality control test is performed to ensure that the same exposure factors produce x-ray output, succesive exposures must be within this amount of one another:

2 % of SID
4%
10%
5%

Question 67 of 100

67. Question

1 points

When a quality control test is performed to ensure that the collimator is providing appropriate radiation protection, the result must be within this amount?

2 % of SID
4 %
10 %
5 %

Question 68 of 100

68. Question

1 points

In digital fluroscopy ,the image should be viewed on what device to make advantage of the digital capabilities?

Digital viewbox
High resolution monitor
High definition TV
Plasma TV

Question 69 of 100

69. Question

1 points

A primary advantage of digital fluroscopy is:

Post processing manipulation of the image
No radiation dose to the patient
No fluroscopist required
Lower cost

Question 70 of 100

70. Question

1 points

The active portion of a CR imaging plate is:

Intensifying screen phosphor
Photostimulable phosphor
Silver halide crystals
Rare earth phosphor

Question 71 of 100

71. Question

1 points

Energy in a CR imaging plate is released after exposure to:

Developer solution
White light
Ultrasound
Laser beam

Question 72 of 100

72. Question

1 points

In digital fluroscopy and computed radiography ,the energy must be changed to digital form by a(n):

Digital to analog convertor
Flux capacitor
Analog to digital convertor
DVD-ROM

Question 73 of 100

73. Question

1 points

An algorithm is:

A mathematical hypothesis used in imaging
A mathematical formula used to reconstruct the image in digital imaging
An advanced imaging procedure
The mathematical basis for film screen imaging

Question 74 of 100

74. Question

1 points

In computed radiography,each pixel corresponds to a shade of gray representing in area in the patient known as a(n):

Pathology
Density
Voxel
Artifact

Question 75 of 100

75. Question

1 points

A digital image is composed of rows and columns known as:

Photonic image
Matrix
Digital
Cyborg assimilator

Question 76 of 100

76. Question

1 points

Image brightness in computed radiography may be adjusted by:

Doubling the kVp
Changing the window level
repeating the exposure
Using digital fluroscopy

Question 77 of 100

77. Question

1 points

The window level in computed radiography is the:

Area of the patient being irradiated
Amount of radiation needed to obtain the image
Midpoint of densities
Toe of H & D curve

Question 78 of 100

78. Question

1 points

Radiographic contrast in computed radiography may be adjusted by changing the:

Window level
Window width
Area of the patient being irradiated
Imaging plate

Question 79 of 100

79. Question

1 points

The amount of darkness on a radiograph is controlled primarily by

kVp
Focal spot size
AEC
mAs

Question 80 of 100

80. Question

1 points

The visible image may alse be called the:

Manifest image
Image - in- waiting
Preprocessed image
Latent image

Question 81 of 100

81. Question

1 points

The quantity of x-rays produced is directly controlled by:

kVp
Inverse square law
OID
SID
mAs

Question 82 of 100

82. Question

1 points

The rule or law that governs changing technique using kVp is the:

Inverse square law
Density maintenance law
Reciprocity law
15% rule

Question 83 of 100

83. Question

1 points

Given an original technique of 10 mAs and 70 kVp,which of the following would produce a radiograph with double the density?

20 mAs,80 kVp
30 mAs, 92 kVp
20 mAs, 70 kVp
15 mAs, 82 kVp

Question 84 of 100

84. Question

1 points

If SID is halved,what may be said about radiographic density?

Density doubles
Density is reduced by half
Density is reduced by one- half of the mAs
Density is quadrupled

Question 85 of 100

85. Question

1 points

The letter TFT stands for

To formulate text translation
Thin film transistor
Test scheduled for tomorrow
Thin film text

Question 86 of 100

86. Question

1 points

Distortion that effects the size of the object as represented on the radiographic image is called:

Minification
Foreshortening
Elongation
Magnification

Question 87 of 100

87. Question

1 points

Shape distortion may take the form of:

Magnification and Minification
Size and shape distortion
Elongation and foreshortening
Magnification and elongation

Question 88 of 100

88. Question

1 points

A longer than usual OID may cause

Elongation
Foreshortening
Minification
Magnification

Question 89 of 100

89. Question

1 points

CR cassettes should be erased:

Every 24 hours
Every 48 hours
Every 3 months
Weekly

Question 90 of 100

90. Question

1 points

The equation of H/D describes:

Grid radius
Contrast
Grid ratio
Reciprocity law

Question 91 of 100

91. Question

1 points

If the exposure field is not accurately recognized,the histogram:

Narrows
Widens
Remains the same

Question 92 of 100

92. Question

1 points

Noise increases with an increase in:

mAs
Speed class
SID
OID

Question 93 of 100

93. Question

1 points

Edge enhancement provides:

Artificial increase in display contrast at an edge of the image
Artificial increase in display density at an edge of the image
Artificial increase in recorded detail at an edge of the image
Artificial increase in spatial resolution at an edge of the image

Question 94 of 100

94. Question

1 points

Which of the following grid errors would result in an image that shows normal density in the middle but decreased density on the sides and may follow removal and replacement of the grid?

Upside down
Off- level
Lateral decentering
Grid- focus decentering

Question 95 of 100

95. Question

1 points

Grid frequency is described as the:

Height of the lead strips divided by the distance between the lead strips
Distance between the lead strips divided by the height of the lead strips
Number of lead strips per inch or centimeter
SID at which the grid may be used

Question 96 of 100

96. Question

1 points

When working with CR and DR , one must be aware that their response to scatter radiation is:

Very sensitive
Minimally sensitive
Irrelevant

Question 97 of 100

97. Question

1 points

The images on radiologist’s monitors appear:

The same as on radiographer's monitors
In greater detail than on radiographer's monitors
In less detail than on radiographer's monitors

Question 98 of 100

98. Question

1 points

A histogram analysis error may be caused by:

Excessive mAs
Pixel unresponsiveness
Inappropriate collimation
Excessive kVp

Question 99 of 100

99. Question

1 points

Smoothing provides:

Higher spatial resolution
Equalization
Evenness in brightness
Higher contrast resolution

Question 100 of 100

100. Question

1 points

Consistency of image appearence is achieved through the use of:

Higher speed class
Uniform processing codes
More effective postprocessing
Lower exposure index numbers

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