Explanation:

 Explanation : Normal uterus us anteversion and anteflexion.Uterus is having inclination to right that is dextrorotation. Cervix is directed to left that is levorotation

Explanation:

Explanation: Oxytocin is hormone secreted by posterior lobe of the pituitary and is necessary for uterine contraction. It also help in milk ejection. So oxytocin reflect is also known as milk ejection reflex.

Explanation:

Explanation: Greenish colored amniotic fluid indicate meconium stained amniotic fluid. It indicate chance of respiratory distress in new born.

Explanation:

Explanation: In supine position the uterus will not have sufficient space so there will be less oxygen supply and blood circulation to the fetus.

Explanation:

Explanation: A sign of pregnancy consisting of a dark bluish or purplish -red color of the vaginal or cervical mucosa as a result of the increased blood supply to the area.

Explanation:

Explanation: Abruptio placenta is defined as the premature separation of placenta from the uterus. Patients with abruptio placentae, also called placenta abruption, typically present with bleeding, uterine contractions, and fetal distress.

Explanation:

Explanation: Transitional phase starts from 8cm dialation of the cervix and it is the starting of the second stage of labour.

Explanation:

Explanation: Postpartum bleeding or postpartum hemorrhageis often defined as the loss of more than 500ml within the first 24hours following childbirth

Explanation:

Explanation: Option B is the correct answer, this vessel has the highest oxygen concentration in the fetal life. Ductus arteriosus is the connection between aorta and pulmonary artery

Explanation:

Explanation: All the above mentioned portions are part of uterus. Body is also known as cavity or corpus

Explanation:

Explanation: Intramural or interstitial, isthmus, ampulla and infundibulum is the order of arrangement from medial to lateral

Explanation:

Explanation: All the other statements are correct regarding fallopian tube , but the production of ova is the responsibility of the ovary and transportation of it to uterus is the responsibility of fallopian tube

Explanation:

Explanation: Fertilization occur at the ampullary part of fallopian tube.

Explanation:

Explanation: Fertilization life span of oocyte is 12-24 hours and that of sperm is 48-72 hours

Explanation:

Explanation: Hyaluronidase is a chemical present in the acromial tip of the sperm which facilitate the penetration of zona pellucida of ovam.

Explanation:

Explanation: There are 4 stages of labour. First stage starts from the onset of true labour pain and ends with the dilatation of the cervix. Second stage starts from full dilatation of cervix and ends with delivery of the fetus. Third stage starts from delivery of the fetus and ends with expulsion of placenta and membrane. Fourth stage is the observation.

Explanation:

Explanation: All the above  mentioned statements are regarding implanation. Implantation means fertilized ovum is transfered from site of fertilization to uterus.

Explanation:

Explanation: Endometrium of the pregnant uterus is known as decidua. It will shed following delivery.

Explanation:

Explanation: The 28 week is taken arbitarily as the lower limit of fetal viability. The main causes are placental bleeding, unexplained and extra placenta.

Explanation:

Explanation:Linea Nigra is visible as early as 20th week of gestation

Explanation:

Explanation: Natural remedies will not have any side effect and complication thus it will helpin normal growth and development of fetus.

Explanation:

Explanation: The total duration of second stage for Primigravida mother is 2 hrs and 30 mins for mutigravida.If labor isn’t progressing it indicates for emergency management.

Explanation:

Explanation: It is because of the putative resemblance to the racquet used in battledore, a precursor to badminton

Explanation:

Explanation: Most of the drugs can cross the placenta and inhibits normal growth of fetus.

Explanation:

Explanation: All the above statements are correct regarding human placenta.Placenta developed from 2 sources, principal component is fetal component named chorion and maternal component  named decidua basalis

Explanation:

Explanation: Endometritis is an infection of the uterine lining and can occurs after prolonged rupture of membranes.Caesarean section, prolonged rupture of membranes and long labor with multiple vaginal examination are important risk factors of endometritis

Explanation:

Explanation: At term the weight of the placenta to the baby is approximately 1:6

Explanation:

Explanation: Umbilical cord is attached to fetal surface and is attached to center. It is about 40cm in length usually vary from 30-100cm

Explanation:

Explanation: Methergin directly act on the myometrium. It excites uterine contraction which comes so frequentone after the other with increasing intensity that the uterus passes into the state of spasm without relaxation in between

Explanation:

Explanation: Normal AFP is 38-45ng/ml. If the value is less than  38 risk for down syndrome and klinfilter syndrome and other chromosomal abnormality. Increased AFP increased risk for neural tube effect.

Explanation:

Explanation: Small and frequent diet will help in proper digestion of the food.

Explanation:

Explanation: Option  C is incorrect. At tem the amount of amniotic fluid is about 600-800ml.All other options are true. Amniotic fluid is colorless and near term it becames pale straw colored because of the presence of exfoliated and epidermal cells from skin

Explanation:

Explanation: Amniotic Fluid Index is measured with the help of ultrasonography by dividing the abdomen into four quadrant. For dividing the abdomen into four quadrant linia nigra is considered as vertical point and umbilicus is considered as horizontal point.

In each quadrant deepest pocket is measured in cm. Sum of all pocket is considered as AFI.

Normal value of AFI  varies from 8-18cm

AFI less than 5-6cm is considered as oligo-hydroamniosis

AFI more  than 20-24cm is considered as polyhydroamniosis

Explanation:

Explanation: IgG is the only immunoglobulin which can cross the placenta.Presence of IgA help us to diagnose intrauterine infection

Explanation:

Explanation: Autoantibodies develops against the mother or fetus in Rh negative factors

Explanation:

Explanation:  Normally Umbilical cord contain 2 artery and 1 vein

Explanation:

Explanation: Umbilical artery contain deoxygenated blood. All other blood vessel contain  oxygenated blood

Explanation:

Explanation: GnRH is a trophic peptide hormone produced by anterior lobe of pituitary is responsible for the release of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone(LH).

Explanation:

Explanation: When the fetus is dead and retained inside the uterus for a variable period it is called missed abortion or silent abortion/early fetal demise.

Explanation:

Explanation: Axillary tail occur because of prolongation of breast tissue under cover of pectoralis major. Monogomery’s tubercles are those placed around the nipple, there secretion keep the areola healthy and moist.

Explanation:

Explanation : All the above  mentioned statements are correct  regarding linea nigra.

Explanation:

Explanation: Expected  weight gain occur during the course of   pregnancy is 11kg, in which 1 kg in first trimester and 5 kg each in second and third trimester

Explanation:

Explanation: Ergometrine help in controlling PPH. It is given after the delivery of anterior shoulder. In twin delivery after the birth of first baby we are not supposed to give this drug.

Explanation:

Explanation: The disappropriate increase in plasma and RBC volume produce a state of hemodilution which leads to fall in hematocrit during pregnancy

Explanation:

Explanation: During the delivery process most of the glucose will be consumed as part of metabolism for energy production. Which significantly reduces the insulin requirement in post-partum period

Explanation:

Explanation: Lateral position is given to mothers to avoid supine(postural) hypotension. Gravid uterus compress inferior venacava when the patient is in supine position & cause hypotension, tachycardia and syncope. this can be avoided by providing lateral position to the client

Explanation:

Explanation: Fourth – stage is after the delivery of placenta, in which health care worker observe mother and check vitals every 15 minutes to identify complications as early as possible.

Explanation:

Explanation: Graffian follicle  is changed to corpus luteum. It will secrete progestrone, 17 alpha progestrone and oestradiol, adrostenedione. At 6-8 week there is transfer of function of corpus luteum to tha placenta.

Explanation:

Explanation:In all the above mentioned conditions hcg will be present . In normal pregnancy it will disappear from blood following 2 weeks after delivery.

Explanation:

Explanation: Endocrine control of lactation can be seen in Lactogenesis, Galactokinesis, Galactopoiesis and mammogenesis. Mammogenesis means preparation of breast, lactogenesis means synthesis and secretion of milk, galactokinesis means ejection of milk and galactopoiesis means maintenance of lactation. All these are the endocrine control and preparation for lactation.

Explanation:

Explanation: Duration of pregnancy can be expressed in all the above given methods and also as 40 weeks, which is calculated from first day of last menstrual cycle. This is called as menstrual age of gestational age

Explanation:

Explanation: It is known as Jacquemier’s sign (chadwick’s sign). Osiander sign is increased pulsation felt on the lateral fornics at 8th week. Softening of cervix is named as Goodell’s sign. Piskacek’s sign is the asymmetrical enlargement of uterus in case of lateral implantation.

Explanation:

Explanation: Quickening is the perception of active fetal movement by the mother. It is usually felt about at 18 weeks, and about 2 weeks earlier in multipara mother.

Hegar’s sign: is a non-sensitive indication of pregnancy in women – its absence does not exclude pregnancy. It pertains to the features of the cervix and the uterine isthmus. It is demonstrated as a softening in the consistency of the uterus, and the cervix seem to be two separate regions.

Palamar sign: regular rhythmic contraction felt during bimanual examination.

Chloasma: mask of pregnancy when present in pregnant women, it is a tan or dark skin discoloration.

Explanation:

Explanation: Height of the uterus is at the level of umbilicus at 14 week POG

Explanation:

Explanation: With an ordinary stethoscope fetal heart sound can be first auscultated by 18-20 week POG

Explanation:

Explanation: False believe of a women that she is pregnant is known as pseudocyesis

Explanation:

Explanation: All the above mentioned signs indicating previous child birth

Explanation:

McDonald’s measurement of symphysiofundal height

Station of the presenting part by abdominal and vaginal examination when in labour

Fetal weight (gms)= (McDonald’s measurement -X)* 155. Where,

X= 13 when presenting part is at minus station

X= 12 when presenting part is at 0 station

X=11 when presenting part at plus station

Estimation of fetal weight by Hadlock’s formula

Biparietal Diameter (BPD) was measured on the frozen image from the outer edge of the proximal skull to the inner edge of the distal skull table

Abdominal circumference (AC) was measured at the level of umbilical vein as it enters liver. Stomach bubble was also taken as landmark. It was measured using ellipse method.

Explanation:

Example: Option A is the correct answer. Attitude is relationship of one part of the body to others. Denominator is bony fixed point on presenting part. Position is the relationship of the denominator to different quadrants of pelvis.

Explanation:

Obstetric grip also known as Leopold maneuevers which includes the following grips, they are fundal grip, lateral or umbilical grip, pawlik’s grip (third leopold), pelvic grip (fourth leopold)

Explanation:

Explanation: Commonest presenting part is vertex in cephalic presentation.It can be face or brow but they are not common.

Explanation:

Explanation: Suture lies between two parietal bone is known as longtitudinal suture which is also known as sagittal suture

Explanation:

Explanation: All the above given statements are correct regarding posterior fontanelle

Explanation:

Explanation:All the above statements are true regarding posterior fontanelle

Explanation:

Explanation:Option B is the correct answer.Moulding meansalteration in the shape of forecoming head while passing throughresistant birth passage during labour.

Explanation:

Explanation : Effacement indicates thinning of the cervix which mainly occurs along with dilatation of the cervix.

Explanation:

Explanation: Client should be placed in lateral position or sitting up position

Explanation:

Explanation: Descriptive purpose True pelvis can be divided as inlet,cavity and outlet

Explanation:

Explanation: Option A is the correct definition of gravida,option B is the definition id parity.

Explanation:

Explanation: Rema is pregnant for the first time so gravida1. Even if the women is having twin pregnancy it will be considered as dravia 1

Explanation:

Explanation: Sheela has history of 2 abortion,one term delivery and presently she is pregnant so gravida is 4.Since she has only one term delivery her para is  still 1.

Explanation:

Explanation:G3 means 3 time pregnant,P1+2 means 1 abortion and 2 viable birth

Explanation:

Explanation: Option A is the correct answer,Option B is the definition of elder primigravida.

Explanation:

Explanation : Option  A is the correct definition of Nullipara.Option  B is the  definition of Nulligravida.Option  C is the  definition of primigravida.Option   D is the  definition of Multigravida.

Explanation:

Explanation: EDD is calculated from LMP by adding 7 days to the first day of last menstural cycle and 9 months to the months

Explanation:

Explanation: adding 7 to the date become 7 +7=14 .Adding 9 calender months become February.

Explanation:

Explanation: All the above  mentioned are the components of triple screening ,which help us to find down syndrome,neural tube defect & other chromosomal abnormality present in the fetus . Ii is performed between 15-18 week.

Explanation:

Explanation:WHO recommended minimum 4 antental visit ,first in trimester around 16 week,second between 24-28 week,3rd at 32 week ,4th at 36 week

Explanation:

Explanation: Option D is the incorrect statement,livevaccines during pregnancy carry arisk for infection to the unborn baby also.2 dose of TT immunization is recommended 0.ml Im in deltoid region at 6 week interval.

Explanation:

Explanation: Elevated  maternal serum alpha feto protein is seen in all condition except Down syndrome .In Down syndrome & Gestational trophoblastic disease MSAFP will decreases

Explanation:

Explanation: Option A is the correct answer,amniocentesis timing is 14-16 weeks and that of cordocentesis is 18-20 week

Explanation:

Explanation : All the above are true regarding NST.

Explanation:

Explanation : All the above are thecriteria m= normal labour.Other than these natural termination with minimum aid ,without affecting the health of mother  and baby is the  criteria for normal labour

Explanation:

Explanation : The client is  most likely experiencing hypotonic uterine contractions.The nurse must notify the physician immediately. The usual treatment is oxytocin administration unless cephalopelvic disproportion exists.

Explanation:

Explanation:Presenting part sink onto the pelvis, this sign is considered as welcome sign in pregnancy as it rule out cephalopelvic disproportion and corresponding conditions that preventing the head from entering in the pelvic inlet

Explanation:

Explanation:Option D is the characteristic of false labour pain & all others are the characteristic of true labour pain

Explanation:

Explanation: colour of the lochia in first 24 hrs is bright colour.Absence of lochia indicates or foul odour indicates infection.

Explanation:

Explanation: Tubal ostia is the pacemaker of uterine contraction  SA node is the pacemaker heart.

Explanation:

Explanation:Tailor sitting will help in removing the spasm and congestion which occurs due to pressure of growing fetus in the lower back

Explanation:

Explanation:Option B retraction is not a principal movement.It occur in uterine muscle fibers which means these muscles are shortened permanently.The principal movement occuring labour are engagement,internal rotation,crowning,extension,restitution,external rotation & expulsion of trunk.

Explanation:

Explanation: Option B is the correct answer, Option A indicates rupture of membrane after the onset of labour & before full dialation of cervix.

Explanation:

Explanation:Descent of head is expressed in terms of fifth above the pelvic brim

Explanation:

 Explanation: Voiding will decrease the discomfort for doing procedure

Explanation:

Explanation:Protamine sulphate is a heparine antagonist. It is administered intravenously to counter the bleeding complications precipitated by heparin overdose

Explanation:

Explanation: Station of head is expressed in terms of ischial spine.At the level of ischial spine will be termed as 0 station,above will be indicated in negative numbers such as -1,-2, -3,-4 & -5 below which is positive numbers 1,2,3,4 & 5.

Explanation:

Explanation: Normal range of fetal heart rate is 110-150bpm

Explanation:

Explanation: Except relaxation all others are present during transition

Explanation:

Explanation:Rh-incompatibility is the contradiction for delayed cord clamping inorder to prevent antibody transfer from other to fetus

Explanation:

Explanation: Orange is the good source of Vitamin C and helps in  absorption of iron